Download Chapter 2.3- Energy and Matter Notes CUE WORDS or QUESTIONS

Chapter 2.3- Energy and Matter Notes
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What is the relationship
between energy & matter?
What is energy?
NOTES WRITTEN
E=mc² (energy = mass x speed of light squared)
In other words mass can be converted into LOTS of energy
(This is how atomic bombs work!)
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change
Examples - Gasoline in a car makes it move
- A spring in a pogo stick pushes a person upward
- A tree falling can crush a house
- Electricity cooks food in a microwave
Work means a change in position, speed, state, or form of matter. So energy
is the capacity to change matter
Forms of energy-
Thermal energy-
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Energy (like matter) can never be created or destroyed
Energy is just transferred from one type to another type
All chemical and physical changes includes a change in in energy
Types of energy:
1) Thermal energy- total energy of all the particles in an object
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Thermal energy is different from temperature- the measure of the
average energy of motion of particles in a substance
Flows from warmer matter to cooler matter
Chemical energy-
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Endothermic change- energy goes into a reaction
(temperature decreases)
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Exothermic change- energy is released in a reaction
(temperature increases)
2) Chemical energy- energy stored in chemical bonds
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SUMMARY
X
Chemical energy in food and in gasoline
Burning a match transform chemical energy into thermal energy (heat)
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Electromagnetic energy-
NOTES WRITTEN
3) Electromagnetic energy (electromagnetic radiation)- energy that
travels through space in waves
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Infrared waves, visible light, UV light, X-rays, radio waves…
Burning a match transforms chemical energy in light energy
Microwave energy heats up food
Electrical energy-
4) Electrical energy- energy of electrically charged particles moving
from one place to another
Nuclear energy-
5) Nuclear energy- energy released with the nuclei of atoms are split
or fused together
Mechanical energy-
6) Mechanical energy- energy of a substance or system due to its
motion or position
Potential or kinetic?
Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position
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Examples- chemical, mechanical, nuclear, gravitational
Kinetic energy is motion
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SUMMARY
Examples- electromagnetic energy, thermal energy, motion energy,
sound energy, electrical energy