Download Worksheet 19.3: Earth`s Early History

Biology Honors I!
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Name ___________________ Period ___
Worksheet 19.3: Earth’s Early History
(pages 553-558; iBooks pages 936-946)
A flowchart is a way to show a sequence of events. You can make a
flowchart by writing the steps in a series of connected boxes.
1. As you read Lesson 3, complete the flowchart to show the major steps from the origin of
Earth to the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Organic
molecules
form.
Earth forms.
RNA and
DNA evolve.
Follow the directions.
2. Fill in the chart with information about early Earth and today’s Earth. Use terms from the
box.
brown oceans
blue skies
pinkish-orange skies
blue oceans
no life
many different life forms
about 20% oxygen
little to no oxygen
Early Earth
Today’s Earth
Oceans
Skies
Atmosphere
Life
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Biology Honors I!
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Name ___________________ Period ___
Each of the following statements is false. Rewrite the statements to make them true.
3. Oceans on early Earth were blue because they contained lots of dissolved iron.
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4. The atmosphere on early Earth could support human life because there was no oxygen.
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5. For millions of years, asteroids shook Earth’s crust.
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6. Microspheres evolved from living cells.
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7. The first cells on Earth were eukaryotic.
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Use the diagram of the Miller-Urey experiment to
answer Questions 3–5.
8. Label the diagram to show which part of Miller and Urey’s
apparatus simulated lightning storms on early Earth.
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9. What was the purpose of Miller and Urey’s experiment?
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Biology Honors I!
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Name ___________________ Period ___
10. Explain the results of the Miller-Urey experiment.
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What did the results of the experiment suggest?
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11. Complete the cause-and-effect chart below. Use the sentences in the box.
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Organisms that used oxygen for respiration evolved.
The first cells became extinct.
The oceans changed color from brown to blue.
The ozone layer formed and skies turned blue.
The iron oxide sank to the ocean floor.
Cause: Photosynthetic bacteria began
producing oxygen.
Cause/Effect: Oxygen
combined with iron in the oceans to
form iron oxide.
Cause/
Effect: Oxygen
accumulated in the atmoshpere.
Cause/Effect:
Cause/Effect:
Effect:
Cause/Effect:
Effect:
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Biology Honors I!
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Name ___________________ Period ___
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The endosymbiotic theory explains the evolution of eukaryotic cells. According to the
theory, ancient prokaryotes developed a symbiotic relationship with smaller prokaryotes that
lived inside them. Some of these smaller prokaryotes could use oxygen to make ATP. These
aerobic prokaryotes evolved into mitochondria. Others could perform photosynthesis. These
evolved into chloroplasts. The diagram below shows the stages in the endosymbiotic theory.
Follow the directions to finish the diagram.
12. Draw the final step in the endosymbiotic theory. Your drawing should show a primitive
eukaryotic cell that performed photosynthesis.
13. Label the chloroplast in your drawing.
Ancient Aerobic
Prokaryote
Ancient Anaerobic
Prokaryote
Nuclear envelope
evolving
Mitochondrion
Primitive Aerobic
Eukaryote
Ancient Photosynthetic
Prokaryote
Animals, fungi, and
non-plantlike protists
Plants and
plantlike protists
Primitive Photosynthetic Eukaryote
Answer the questions.
14. Animals evolved from primitive eukaryotic cells with which structure?
chloroplast!
mitochondria!
nucleus
15. What evidence shows that bacteria and organelles of living cells share a common
ancestry?
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