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Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Today's Agenda: 1. Review the water cycle. 2. Review the atmosphere and finish notes on the layers of the atmosphere. 3. Earth's Systems and Interactions 4. "People in the Neighborhood" atmosphere activity 1 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Name: _________________________ Date: __________________ Class: _________________ The Driest Place on Earth: Atacama Desert, Chile Please answer the following questions before watching the video: 1. We have seen the effects of acid rain and have learned that pollutants can mix with water and form different types of acids, such as sulfuric and nitric acids. The pollutants are in 2. Your first response may be that there is water in the air. If you think about that answer, how would you explain how the water gets into the air? 3. What would happen if the water does not get into the air? Please use the information from the video to answer the following questions: 4. The Atacama Desert in Chile is identified as the driest place on Earth. How much rain does the desert receive? 2 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 5. What are the three reasons for the Atacama Desert being the driest place on Earth? Reason 1: Reason 2: Reason 3: 6. How do people deal with the lack of rain in the Atacama area? After the video, answer the following question: 7. What happens in other areas that allows for regular rainfall? 3 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 4 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 A34 What do we think we know about the atmosphere? 5 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 A56 What do we think we know about the atmosphere? 6 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dYw4meRWGd4 7 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 What observations do we have about the atmosphere? 8 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook Earth's Atmosphere March 17, 2017 p. 63 (A34) p. 31317 (A56) Troposphere The troposphere starts at the Earth's surface and extends 8 to 14.5 kilometers high (5 to 9 miles). This part of the atmosphere is the most dense. Almost all weather is in this region. Gets colder as you go higher. *Sometimes cold air gets trapped under warm air. This is called temperature inversion. Tropopause is the point in the troposphere where temperature stops decreasing. Acts like a "lid" that keeps water vapor mostly in the troposphere. 9 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Stratosphere The stratosphere starts just above the troposphere and extends to 50 kilometers (31 miles) high. The ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the solar ultraviolet radiation, is in this layer. Temperature increases as you go up, but is cold. Mesosphere The mesosphere starts just above the stratosphere and extends to 85 kilometers (53 miles) high. Meteors burn up in this layer. This layer is extremely cold. At the top of the mesosphere the temperatures are the coldest in the atmosphere. 10 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Thermosphere The thermosphere starts just above the mesosphere and extends to 600 kilometers (372 miles) high. Aurora and satellites occur in this layer. This layer is the hottest layer of the atmosphere. Exosphere The upper limit of our atmosphere. It extends from the top of the thermosphere up to 10,000 km (6,200 mi). Some gases may escape from this layer into space. *NOTE: Your textbook includes the exosphere as part of the thermosphere, but NASA designates the exosphere as the outermost layer. 11 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Ionosphere The ionosphere is an abundant layer of electrons and ionized atoms and molecules that stretches from about 48 kilometers (30 miles) above the surface to the edge of space at about 965 km (600 mi), overlapping into the mesosphere and thermosphere. Solar radiation causes ions to form. This dynamic region grows and shrinks based on solar conditions and divides further into the subregions: D, E and F; based on what wavelength of solar radiation is absorbed. The ionosphere is a critical link in the chain of SunEarth interactions. This region is what makes radio communications possible. 12 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 Diagram of the layers within Earth's atmosphere. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/science/atmosphere layers2.html 13 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 14 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 15 Physical Science ADAY 31717.notebook March 17, 2017 With a partner: Create a neighborhood of people that represent the following components of the atmosphere troposphere stratosphere mesosphere thermosphere exosphere ionosphere water cycle There should be one person for each of these ideas. Follow the directions provided in the "People In Your Neighborhood Flip It" 16
