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Hour______
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Unit One: Experimental Design, Ch 16, 26, 27.1
1) Be able to define, describe, and give an example of the following words:
Substance
Atom
Element
Compound
Mixture
Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Freezing
Melting
Condensation
Boiling
Evaporation
Vaporization
Sublimation
Deposition
3) Describe particle motion in terms of a solid, liquid, and gas. Describe the arrangement
of the molecules between a solid, liquid, and gas. Describe the force of attraction
between the molecules of a solid, liquid, and gas. Describe the kinetic energy? How is
density related to these concepts? What theory is used to describe all of the above?
4) During a phase change what must be added or lost?
5) During a phase change what stays the same? Why?
6) Be able to use and understand the phase change graph (homework worksheet that
shows a graph of temperature vs. energy)
a) What is happening during a plateau in the graph?
b) What is happening when the line is going up or down?
c) Be able to identify the phase change on the graph?
d) Which phase changes are endothermic? Why?
e) Which phase changes are exothermic? Why?
7) What does salt do to the boiling and freezing points of water? How do we use this
concept in Michigan during the winter time?
8) What are the two main categories for classifying matter? What is the difference
between heat and temperature?
9) Describe conduction in any life situation. Why is there better conduction in solids and
liquids then gases?
10) What does specific heat mean? Is more energy required to raise the temperature of
one gram of Al or one gram of water the same number of degrees? Why?
11) Be able to read passages of information and identify Independent, Dependent, and
Potential Confounding Variables. Know the difference between the Experimental and
Control Groups.
Read the following passages of information for more practice on identifying variables
and experimental design.
A scientist knows that the percent of fish eggs that hatch is affected by the temperature of the
water in an aquarium. She is attempting to identify which water temperature will cause the
highest percentage of fish eggs to hatch. The scientist sets up 5 aquariums at the following
temperatures: 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C. She adds 50 fish eggs to each aquarium and
records the number of eggs that hatch in each aquarium.
Independent variable:
Dependent variable:
Potential Confounding Variables:
Describe the control group in the experiment (if one doesn’t exist, leave this section blank):
MOUTHWASH: The makers
of brand A mouthwash want
to prove that their
mouthwash kills more
bacteria than the other 4
leading brands of
mouthwash. They organize
60 test subjects into 6 groups
of 10 test subjects. The data
for the experiment is shown
to the right.
mouthwash
time mouthwash
# of bacteria in
used
was in mouth
mouth (average)
none
135
A
60 sec.
23
B
60 sec.
170
C
60 sec.
84
D
60 sec.
39
E
60 sec.
81
Independent variable:
Dependent variable:
Potential Confounding variables:
Describe any control group in the experiment (if one doesn’t exist, leave this section blank):