Download Reconstruction Test Review

Reconstruction Test Review
Radical Republican
a member of Congress who believed Confederates’ slavery and secession were criminal and should be punished
Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equality under the law for all citizens
program implemented by the federal government between 1865 and 1877 to repair damage to the South caused by the
Reconstruction
Civil War and restore the southern states to the Union
Civil Rights Act of 1866 passed to overturn black codes; vetoed by President Johnson
Wade-Davis Bill
1864 congressional proposal to allow Confederate states to rejoin the Union by demanding a guarantee of black equality;
vetoed by Lincoln
Fifteenth Amendment
forbids any state to deny the right to vote on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
impeach
an action Congress takes by charging the President with wrongdoing and putting him on trial to see whether he should be
removed from office
Freedmen’s Bureau
organization that provided food, clothing, healthcare, and education for black and white refugees in the South
black code
law passed in southern states restricting the freedoms of African Americans
Andrew Johnson
Lincoln’s Vice President; became President after Lincoln’s assassination
Enforcement Acts
1870 and 1871 laws that made it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote
segregation
separation of the races
sharecropping
a system in which a landowner determined the crop and provided a worker with a place to live, seeds, tools, and a share
of the harvest
scalawag
a negative term for a southern white man who was invited to join the Republican Party after the war
tenant farming
a system in which a tenant paid cash rent to the landowner and was free to choose and manage his own crop
share-tenancy
similar to sharecropping, but the worker decided the crop and bought his own supplies
integration
combination of the races
carpetbagger
a negative term for a northern white or black man who relocated to the South after the war
Ku Klux Klan
secret organization founded during Reconstruction whose aim was to terrorize African Americans
Rutherford B. Hayes
became President through the contested election of 1876
Redeemer
southern, white Democrat who returned to power after 1870
Compromise of 1877
resolved the contested presidential election of 1876 by giving Hayes the presidency in return for withdrawing the
remaining federal troops from the South
Why was a plan for Reconstruction of the South needed?
The Constitution provided no guidance on secession or readmission of states.
Which idea was a part of Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?
The Southern states had never really left the Union.
The Ten Percent Plan required that
ten percent of a state’s voters take a loyalty oath to the Union.
The Radical Republicans rejected the Ten Percent Plan because they believed that
African Americans should be granted full citizenship.
Which event led the House of Representatives to impeach President Johnson?
Johnson’s attempt to fire Secretary of War Edwin Stanton
What action did Congress take to support Southern African Americans?
Congress overturned Johnson’s vetoes on major Reconstruction legislation.
What did Johnson require states to do to regain membership in the Union?
Voters had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, and state constitutions had to ban slavery.
In the years immediately following the Civil War, the South
became a stronghold of the Republican Party.
In the system of share-tenancy, farm workers
had more control over their crops and supplies than was true in sharecropping.
During Reconstruction, groups such as the Ku Klux Klan
used violence to prevent freed people from voting.
By the end of the Civil War,
the South’s economy had been destroyed.
What did the Enforcement Act of 1870 make illegal?
the use of force or coercion to prevent citizens from voting
How were violators of the Enforcement Act of 1870 punished?
They were fined at least $500 and imprisoned for a minimum of one month.
The Republican party became strong in the South, in part because
millions of Southern African American men became voters.
During Reconstruction, most African American families in the South
remained in rural areas, where they worked at jobs such as lumbering or farming.
Which of the following was a key problem with the sharecropping system?
Landowners could lie about expenses to keep sharecroppers in debt.
One success of Reconstruction was the
introduction of a tax-supported public school system in the South.
What did Republicans gain from the Compromise of 1877?
Rutherford B. Hayes became president.
How did Hayes’s election effectively end Reconstruction?
Federal intervention ended in the South.
During his presidency, Ulysses S. Grant
gave high-level advisory posts to untrustworthy friends and acquaintances.
Who ran against Grant in 1872 as the Liberal Republican Party candidate?
Horace Greeley
By the end of the 1860s, Northern support for Reconstruction had faded because
the cost of military operations in the South worried many people.
During the 1870s, Supreme Court decisions
restricted the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Southern Democrats appealed to small farmers by
pointing out that building roads and schools resulted in higher taxes.
Reconstruction was successful in
raising African Americans’ expectations of their right to citizenship.
The Fifteenth Amendment affected the women’s suffrage movement by
splitting the movement.