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Download Church History - St. Christine Parish
Transcript
The History of our Catholic Church Highlights and a Few Lowlights, too! Cindy Kravec Our Catholic Church • 4 Characteristics – Catholic Our Catholic Church • 4 Characteristics – Catholic – One Our Catholic Church • 4 Characteristics – Catholic – One – Holy Our Catholic Church • 4 Characteristics – Catholic – One – Holy – Apostolic Patristic Period • AD 50 – 600 – 1st Century • Spread of the church Patristic Period • AD 50 – 600 – 1st Century • Spread of the church • AD 64 – Nero • First persecutions begin 2nd and 3rd Century Church • Definite leadership form – The hierarchy of the church as we know it today – First empire wide persecutions 4th Century Church • Constantine • Edict of Milan – Religious tolerance throughout the Roman Empire – Churches – Sundays and Holy Days – Council of Nicaea • Arian crisis • Father and the Son are “of the same substance” 4th Century Church • AD 381 – Council of Constantinople • Father and Son are “one in being” • Beginnings of our profession of faith – Official religion of the Roman Empire 5th Century Church • AD 431 – Council of Ephesus • Mary honored as the Mother of God • AD 451 – Council of Chalcedon • Jesus exists in 2 natures (divine and human) which come together to form the one undivided person of Jesus Christ The Church of the Middle Ages • AD 600 – 1300 – Christendon 7th Century Church • 6th Ecumenical Council – AD 680-81 • Jesus had both a divine and human nature and therefore he had to have both a divine and human will 8th - 10th Century Church • Charles the Great (768 – 814) – Lay investiture – “Baptized with water or blood” – Political instability – Weak popes – Fall of monasteries 11th Century • Pope Gregory VII – Dictatus Papae • Pope has universal authority in the Church • 1054 • – Schism between Church of the East and Church of the West 12th Century • 1095 – 1291 – The Crusades • 1095 1st Crusade • 1146 2nd Crusade • 1189 3rd Crusade – Transubstantiation 13th Century • Pope Innocent II – 4th Lateran Council • Duties of Catholics 13th Century • Pope Innocent II – 4th Lateran Council • Duties of Catholics – The Inquisition 14th Century Church Late Middle Ages • 1378 – 1417 – The “Great Schism” of the Popes – 1414 – 1418 Council of Constance The Protestant Reformation • 1517 - 1650 • Causes – Simony The Protestant Reformation • 1517 - 1650 • Causes – Simony – Indulgences – Popes preoccupied with political affairs • 5th Lateran Council – Reforms called for, but never put into effect The Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther – 95 Theses – 2nd Major split of Christianity The Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther – 95 Theses – 2nd Major split of Christianity – 1509 – 1564 Jean Calvin • Predestination – Differences between Protestant and Catholic view of “Church” The Catholic Reformation • 1500 – 1650 – Renewal of existing religious orders and founding of new ones – The Council of Trent (1545 – 1563) • Pope Paul III – – – – – – – – – Affirmation of 7 sacraments Revelation through the Bible AND apostolic tradition Mass as a representation of Jesus’ sacrifice on Calvary Abolishment of indulgences Proper devotion to Mary and the saints Seminaries Encouraged communion at least 1 time per week Receive penance more often Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament The Modern World • 1650 – 1900 – 17th and 18th Century • Age of enlightenment • Secularization • Deists – 19th Century • New forms of representative government 1800’s - An Active Time • Pius IX – 1854 Doctrine of the Immaculate Conception – 1869 – 1st Vatican Council • Rome – Dei Filus – Pastor Aeternus • Infallibility 1800’s - An Active Time • 1891 – Church becomes a social advocate – Rerum Novarum • Pope Leo XIII – Catholics called on to be activists in standing up against the injustices of the Industrial Revolution 20th Century Church • The Century of Christian Martyrs • Pius X – Code of Canon Law • Pius XI – Treaties with Communist leaders – Vatican City • Feast of Christ the King (1925) 20th Century Church • Pius XII – 1950 • Dogma of the Assumption – Had been believed and celebrated for 1500 years The Second Vatican Council • 1962 – 1965 The Second Vatican Council • 1962 – 1965 • John XXIII • Paul VI (1963 – 1978) Vatican II Documents • Dogmatic Constitution on the Church – Mystery of the Church – Church is Hierarchical – Laity • Mary • Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy – Active participation – Mass in the vernacular Vatican II Documents • Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation • Declaration on Christian Education • Decree on Ecumenism – Acknowledges share of blame for the division of Christianity – Guidelines for ecumenical activity Vatican II Documents • Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World – Dignity of the Human Person – Dignity of Marriage and Family life • • • • Declaration on Non-Christian Religions Decree on the Church’s Missionary Activity Declaration on Religious Liberty Decree on the Means of Social Communication 20th Century Church • Pope Paul VI – Humanae Vitae – Office of permanent deacon is restored – 1st women religious added to the Roman Curia
