Download Ren and Ref Glossary_KEY

World History II - Unit 2: Religion and Empires
Term
Renaissance
Michelangelo
Definition
The “Rebirth” of classical knowledge of Greece and Rome. Also the “birth” of
the modern world
Painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted David.
Leonardo da Vinci
Painted the Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.
Shakespeare
A playwright from England that wrote plays and sonnets. Examples: Hamlet and
Macbeth
A Dutch humanist, he called for a translation of the Bible in the vernacular or
everyday language.
Based on the study of classical culture and the individualism rather than
religious issues.
The practice of lending money with interest.
Erasmus
Humanism
Usury
Niccolo Machiavelli
Lorenzo de’ Medici
Johannes Gutenberg
Martin Luther
95 Theses
John Calvin
Predestination
Indulgences
Henry VIII
Spanish Armada
Hapsburg Family
Huss
Wycliffe
Thirty Year’s War
Catholic Reformation
Italian political philosopher wrote the book The Prince placed in the process on
deceit to maintain authority. He said, “it is better to be feared than loved.”
Also, “the end justifies the means.”
A rich merchant family from Florence that was a patron to the arts or Gave
money to the arts.
Inventor of the printing press. He was from Germany.
Believed the Bible was the ultimate authority in the Church. Also he believed
that faith alone will lead people to salvation.
Martin Luther nailed 95 arguments against the Catholic Church.
He preached the philosophy of predestination and he was the founder of the
Calvinists Church.
A religious philosophy by John Calvin, that stated that when you were born God
had already predetermined if you are going to heaven or hell
Payment which would “erase your sins” in the Catholic Church
King of England that broke with the Catholic Church because the Pope wouldn’t
grant him a divorce.
The Fleet Center against England, by Philip II of Spain in 1588. It was defeated
by the English navy and will later dispersed and wrecked by storms.
The ruling family of the Holy Roman Empire. The empire controlled much of
Germany, Austria, and Netherlands.
Did not believe the Pope existed by “Divine Command.” Convicted of “heresy,”
burned at the stake.
Translated the first Bible to the English language.
A conflict between German Protestants and Catholics, and later included
political rivals of France.
It was the catholic church counter to the Protestant Reformation. Which
included the Council of Trent, The Inquisition, and sending Jesuit Missionaries