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Classy Adaptations Middle Years: Classification, Adaptations and Conservation Animals are classified in many different ways. Classification is often based on an animal’s adaptations. Adaptations evolve over millions of years and are directly related to the survival of animals in their habitats. Please classify the following animals by observing their behaviours, identifying their features and looking at the design of their enclosures. Classification Common Wombat Western Lowland Gorilla Orangutan Australian Fur Seal Platypus Baboon Invertebrate/Vertebrate Class Country of origin Bioclimatic zone Place in habitat Body temperature Period of activity Diet Social structure Locomotion Eye position Conservation status (IUCN) Ambassador for which Zoos Victoria’s Conservation Campaign Which of the above classifications would Zoos Victoria be most concerned with and why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Page 2 CLASSIFICATION REFERENCE GUIDE Class Bioclimatic zone Place in habitat Body temperature Period of activity Diet Social structure Locomotion Conservation status Bird Feathers, lays eggs, endothermic Mammal Fur, live young, endothermic Reptile Scales, lays eggs, ectothermic Amphibian Skin, lays eggs, lives in water and on land, ectothermic Arid: Dry landscape featuring sparse vegetation; often rocky or sandy Bushland: Open landscape featuring a range of medium to tall trees, shrubs and undergrowth Coastal: Characterised by ocean, rocks, sand, tidal pools and low-growing vegetation Grassland: Open landscape dominated by grass species Montane: Mountainous; rocky and steep, vegetation is often stunted Rainforest Dense forest dominated by tall trees that form a canopy; receives over 2,000 mm of rain annually Wetland An area featuring one or more bodies of water and a range of aquatic and terrestrial plants Terrestrial Lives on the ground Arboreal Lives in trees Fossorial Lives underground Aquatic Lives in water Ectothermic Relies on external sources of heat to warm the body Endothermic Can maintain body warmth using energy generated by metabolism (the chemical processes through which the body obtains energy from food) Nocturnal Mostly active at night Diurnal Mostly active during the day Crepuscular Mostly active at dawn and dusk Herbivore Eats plants Carnivore Eats meat Omnivore Eats both meat and plants Detritivore Eats the remains of matter that was once alive, such as fallen leaves, dead skin and fecal matter (poo) Solitary Lives alone Communal Lives in a group Bipedal Moves on two limbs Quadrupedal Moves on four limbs Lateral undulation Wave like movement patterns that act to propel and animal forward Least concern Does not qualify for a more at risk category. Widespread and abundant species are included in this category. Near Threatened Assigned to species or lower taxa that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future Vulnerable Considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild Endangered Considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Critically Endangered Facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future. Extinct in the wild The species only survives in captivity; e.g. In Zoos. Extinct There is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died
