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Primary versus Secondary Groups
Primary Groups
Secondary Groups
Examples
Family, friendship
group, work group,
gang
Corporation, city, university, nation,
sociology class
Size
Tends to be small
Can be very large
Nature of
members’
attachment
Socio-emotional
(gemeinschaft),
personal
Instrumental (gesellschaft), impersonal
Duration
Long term
Long term or very short term
Demands on
members
Greedy; want to
take in entire
individual
Limited demands, only requires performance
of a specific role
Nature of social
control
Informal
Formal
Boundaries
Relatively closed;
Relatively open, easier to enter and exit
harder to enter and
exit
Task 1: Individually, complete the following
in your notebook.
Think of a PRIMARY group to which you belong. Which of the
characteristics of primary groups (listed in table 8.1 in Ch. 8 and
on previous slide) does your primary group have?
a) What is the name of your group?
b) How big is your group?
c) What is the nature of members’ attachment (motive for staying
in group)?
d) How long has the group been in existence?
e) What are the demands on the individual members?
f) What is the nature of social control? That is, if a member gets
out of line what kinds of sanctions might be expected?
g) What are the groups’ boundaries? How easy is it for a new
person to join or an established group member to leave?
Now, STAND UP, form trios and
share your responses.
Each person has two minutes to
share.
Then, return to your seat.
Task 2: Individually, complete the following
in your notebook.
Now, think of a SECONDARY group to which you belong. Which of
the characteristics of secondary groups (listed in table 8.1 in Ch. 8
and on previous slide) does your secondary group have?
a) What is the name of your group?
b) How big is your group?
c) What is the nature of members’ attachment (motive for staying
in group)?
d) How long has the group been in existence?
e) What are the demands on the individual members?
f) What is the nature of social control? That is, if a member gets
out of line what kinds of sanctions might be expected?
g) What are the groups’ boundaries? How easy is it for a new
person to join or an established group member to leave?
Now, STAND UP, form trios WITH
DIFFERENT PEOPLE and share your
responses.
Each person has two minutes to share.
Then, return to your seat.
Discuss as a class:
• Sociologists distinguish between ascribed and
achieved social statuses. But do these
different types of statuses have different or
similar origins? To what extent can we claim
these for ourselves, and to what extent are
they awarded or assigned by others? Select
two of your ascribed statuses and two of your
achieved statuses and discuss their origins.
Individual reflection:
• Complete this on a half sheet of paper and
turn in to Mrs. Hanson-Peters’ In-box:
– At this stage of your life, what is your master
status? What will your master status be in 10
years? In 20 years? Describe what, if any,
consequences your master status will have on
how you live your life.