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Name________________ Ms. McIntyre Color____________ Date_________________ • How did geographic challenges lead to the rise of citystates in Mesopotamia? Problem 3 Chapter 4 The Rise of Sumerian City-States In one- two complete sentences concisely explain the geographic problem that lead to the rise of city-states in Mesopotamia. The first problem is modeled for you. Problem 1 Solution 1 Problem 2 Solution 2 There was a food shortage in the foothills. The lack of farmland did not support a growing population Solution 3 Problem 4 Solution 4 Cans….we still need them…. Deadline: November 10th! Good morning/afternoon, class! 1. Write down tonight’s homework assignment in your agenda. 2. Take out last nights homework to be checked. 3. Begin the warm up activity: Warm – Up: In the warm-up section of your binder, sketch a early Mesopotamian city- state. Your city must include… - Homes (think Neolithic mud-brick homes) - Farmland (outside the city-state) - A river (should not run through your city-state) - Irrigation system.(water those crops!) - Protection (you are on a wide open plain) - Labels for everything 4.6 Attacks by Neighboring Communities (pg 38) As cities grew, people fought over the right to more ____________ water use __________ ! Draw and label a picture showing how Sumerians protected their cities. Draw and label a picture showing why Sumerian cities fought with each other. List two ways Sumerians tried to protect their cities from enemies: Built walls of mud-brick 1.________________________________________ Explain how the physical geography of Sumer lefts its cities unprotected. The area of Sumer had no natural barriers for protection, such as mountains or rivers to keep out enemies. __________________________________________ Dug moats around the city walls 2.________________________________________ __________________________________________ The walled cities of Sumer were like independent____________________!!! countries _________________ Name________________ Ms. McIntyre Color____________ Date_________________ Chapter 4 The Rise of Sumerian City-States Directions: In 2-3 complete sentences concisely explain the geographic problem that lead to the rise of city-states in Mesopotamia. The first problem is modeled for you. How did geographic challenges lead to the rise of citystates in Mesopotamia? Problem 1 There was a food shortage in the foothills. The lack of farmland on the hills did not support a growing population. Problem 3 In Sumer, silt was constantly clogging the irrigation systems. These irrigation systems crossed many village boundaries and needed to be constantly maintained. Solution 1 The Sumerians moved to river valley plains of the Tigris and Euphrates. This provided them with plenty of room for their farms. Solution 3 Sumerians villages were connected by their irrigation systems. They had to work together to clear and maintain them and live together in citystates. One clogged canal would spoil the whole system. Problem 2 In the Spring, there was too much water from the melting snow in the Zagros Mts. causing unpredictable floods in Sumer. However, in the Summer there was too little water on the hot dry plains. Problem 4 Water is a source of life for ancient people. So, Sumerian city-states fought with each other over the rights to use, maintain, or build new irrigation systems. Solution 2 Sumerians built levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs. These irrigation systems controlled the floods when and brought water to the crops when the fields grew dry. Solution 4 Sumerian city-states were on the plains and had no natural barriers for protection. So they built mud-brick walls and dug moats around city-states as protection. 1. What is a city state? A city-state is like a small independent country with its own ruler and farmland. 2. 3. Mesopotamia means… A Greek word meaning the land between the rivers (Tigris and Euphrates) Describe the geographic features of Sumer(southern Mesopotamia). The area of Sumer was low, flat plains and received little rain. The soil was hard and dry and the area provided few resources( no wood or stone) 4. Explain the cause of the flooding in the spring in Sumer. In the spring, the snow and ice from the Zagros Mts. would melt and flood into the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers 5. Describe 2 ways the Sumerians prevented flooding. Sumerians built levees or earth walls on the side of the river banks. They also built canals, dams, and reservoirs to control the flow of water and store the water for later use. 6. What is silt? Explain why it was a problem. Silt is fine particles of mud/dirt. It clogged the irrigation canals which needed to be constantly maintained 7. Why did the city-states of Sumer have to work together? Sumerian city-state had to corporate to keep their water system working, or else the whole system would fail. This also forced them to move into larger cities. Label the locations below on the map: Tigris River Euphrates River Zagros Mts. Persian Gulf Mediterranean Sea ** denotes a city Circle the area of Sumer *Ur *Babylon Nile River Shade the area of Mesopotamia Warm-Up • Take out your GREEN Chapter 4 Notes • Take a Flow Chart off the stool • Write down tonight's homework! What does Mesopotamia mean? The land between the rivers What language does it come from?! Greek A territory with its own laws and government? City-state Why was the Zagros Mts. a GOOD place to live? Plenty of rain, resources (trees and stones), and fertile soil for farming So why did Neolithic people move to Sumer then? The limited farmland could not feed the growth in population! What was the climate/environment like in Sumer? Low, flat plains, with little rain, mild temperatures but very dry Once Sumerians moved to the plains, they faced uncontrolled floods, but why did the rivers flood? Snow melted in the Spring from the Zagros Mts. What is the main purpose of levees? To prevent floods. What about dams and reservoirs? To store water for later use! BUT, what was the problem with the irrigation systems?? They would get clogged with silt (needed constant maintenance) Why did Sumerians city-states begin to fight each other? For control of the water supply, and some city-states would not maintain or block irrigation systems Sooooo…. What did Sumerians do to protect themselves?!? They built mud-brick walls, and dug moats (remember they are on a flat plain!) Label the locations below on the map: Tigris River Euphrates River Zagros Mts. Persian Gulf Mediterranean Sea ** denotes a city Circle the area of Sumer *Ur *Babylon Nile River Shade the area of Mesopotamia