Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Mitosis – cell division of body cells Front of Paper Back of Paper Interphase Prophase Prophase Interphase Metaphase Anaphase Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Cytokinesis Telophase Mitosis Terms to Know • Mitosis – is the process of cell division in body cells (skin, blood, nerve, bone, muscle..), where one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. • Diploid cell (2n) – parent or daughter cell(s) that has 46 chromosomes. • Mitosis is an essential process in order for life to continue. 6 Stages of Mitosis Stage 1. Interphase • Parent cell (Diploid – 2n) • Chromosomes copy themselves in the nucleus, and are attached by a structure called a centromere. Onion Cell Stage 1. Interphase (Draw this picture.) Centrioles Centromeres Nuclear Envelope Nucleolus Cell Membrane Nucleus Duplicated Chromosomes Stage 2. Prophase • Nuclear envelope disappears. • Chromosomes shorten and thicken. • Spindle fibers begin to extend from centrioles. Onion Cell Stage 2. Prophase (Draw this picture.) Centrioles (Start to move and attach to SPINDLE FIBERS) Nuclear Envelope (Disappears) Duplicated Chromosomes (Shorten & Thicken) Stage 3. Metaphase • Centromeres, holding copied chromosomes, attach to the spindle fibers. • Copied chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Onion Cell Stage 3. Metaphase (Draw this picture.) Spindle Fibers attached to the centromeres. Duplicated chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. Stage 4. Anaphase • Copied chromosomes separate. • Spindle fibers pull chromosomes toward opposite sides of the cell. o Onion Cell Stage 4. Anaphase (Draw this picture.) Spindle fibers separate “twin” chromosomes, and pull them to opposite sides of the cell. Stage 5. Telophase • Chromosomes cluster together at opposite sides of the cell. • A nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes. • Chromosomes become longer and thinner. Onion Cell Stage 5. Telophase (Draw this picture.) Nuclear Envelope forms around each set of chromosomes. Chromosomes thin and lengthen. Stage 6. Cytokinesis Process begins during Anaphase and is completed after Telophase. • Pinching of the cell membrane until there is an equal division of the cytoplasm and other cell organelles. • Forms 2 new Daughter cells (DIPLOID - 2n) Onion Cells Stage 6. Cytokinesis (Draw this picture.) Two NEW Daughter Cells = DIPLOID (2n) Return to Interphase • Daughter cell go on about their normal cellular functions. • Process starts over. • Takes approximately 24 hours for entire mitotic process. Onion Cells Mitosis Animation Mitosis: An Interactive Animation