Download Structure Function/Use Brow Spot Nictitating Membrane Cloacal

REVIEW GUIDES FOR THE FROG PRACTICUM
USE YOUR DIAGRAMS, THE ONES ONLINE, AND THE ANSWERS BELOW TO HELP YOU AS YOU COMPLETE A FINAL REVIEW
OF THE FROG! (IF THE STRUCTURE IS NOT LISTED BELOW, IT IS NOT ON THE PRACTICUM!)
FROG - EXTERNAL
Complete the chart below with the functions/uses of the structures listed for the Frog.
Structure
Function/Use
Brow Spot
Vestigial organ – has been thought to have been a third “eye” in previous ancestors of the
organism
Nictitating
Membrane
A third “eye lid” that helps cleanse the frog’s eye when travelling under the water
Cloacal Opening
The opening between the two posterior/hind legs that allows reproductive cells to be
excreted into the water
Tympanum
A membrane behind each eye of the frog that acts as an eardrum – the frog senses
vibrations in this structure to hear sounds
Webbing between
digits
Skin attached between the digits of the hind legs that allows the frogs feet to have greater
surface area and swim faster (like flipper when snorkeling)
Chromataphore
Darkened spots all over the frog’s dorsal side that allow it to blend into environment and
avoid predators from above (camouflage)
The following positional terms are important when understanding the anatomy of the Frog. Describe how you can find
the following areas:
Anatomical
Position
Key Features/Location
Ventral Side
Belly side of the frog (the side we cut into)
Dorsal Side
Top side of the frog (its back)
Anterior End
The front end of the frog where the mouth is located
Posterior End
The end of the frog where the hind legs and the anus is located
FROG - INTERNAL
Complete the chart below with the functions/uses of the structures listed for the Frog.
Structure
Function/Use
Fat Bodies
Reservoirs for food used during hibernation or periods of breeding (Size of the fat bodies
will depend on the time of season)
Heart
Three chambered heart in the frog; Muscle that pumps blood to the entire body of the frog
Liver
Helps purify blood and secretes a digestive juice, bile, which helps break down materials in
the digestive system of the frog
Spleen
Part of the circulatory system (even though it lies in the digestive area) that filters red blood
cells
Intestine
Part of the digestive tract (large and small) where absorption occurs (absorption of
nutrients and water)
Gall Bladder
Lies under the liver and stores bile after it is produced by the liver
Lung
A simple lung for the frog because they do a lot of respiration through their skin; these are
not efficient lungs