Download File - 6th Grade Earth Science

2nd Quarter Exam Study Guide
6th Grade Science
Name ____________________
1. A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces what type of
geological feature?
2. What was Alfred Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?
3. In the process of sea-floor spreading, where in the Atlantic Ocean does molten material rise from the
mantle and erupt creating a large mountain chain?
4. The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the
theory of _____________________________________.
5. The place where two plates are moving toward one another is called a ________________ boundary.
6. As depth beneath Earth's surface increases, what happens to the temperature and pressure?
7. What is the mid-ocean ridge?
8. Put the following Earth’s layer is order from the center outward: mantle, inner core, outer core, crust
9. The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the
_________________.
10. The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a _______________ fault.
11. When earthquakes under the ocean cause the ocean floor to rise suddenly, a _______________ can
occur.
12. Most geologists think the movement of Earth's crustal plates is caused by ________________ currents.
13. What indirect method of observation do geologists most often use to study Earth's interior?
14. Volcanic belts form along the boundaries of ________________ plates.
15. Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called ___________________.
16. A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust is called a _____________.
17. If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area near a volcano, what can they infer about the
volcano?
18. The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a ________________.
19. The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example of a _________________.
20. In volcanic areas, groundwater heated by magma is a source of what type of energy?
________________
21. What is the major ingredient of magma? _____________
22. What was Pangaea and who named it?
23. Old Faithful, located in Yellowstone National Park, is an example of a ______________.
24. Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a _____________.
25. When earthquakes under the ocean cause the ocean floor to raise suddenly, what kind of natural disaster
can occur?
29. Magma usually forms in what layer of the Earth?
30. Which of the following correctly shows how convections currents in the mantle of the earth cause deepocean trenches to form? Only one is correct!
31. Describe the three stages of life for a volcano.
32. Why do different liquids have different viscosities?
Use the diagram to answer each question.
33. Name the type of volcano in diagram A and describe how it forms.
34. Name the type of volcano in diagram B and describe how it forms.
35. Name the type of volcano in diagram C and describe how it forms.
2nd Quarter Exam Study Guide
6th Grade Science
Name ________KEY____________
1. A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a
converging boundary produces what type of geological
feature? MOUNTAIN RANGES
2. What was Alfred Wegener's hypothesis of continental
drift? EARTH’S CONTINENTS WERE ONCE A SOLID
LANDMASS THAT BEGAN BREAKING APART
ABOUT 2 MILLION YEARS AGO
3. In the process of sea-floor spreading, where in the
Atlantic Ocean does molten material rise from the mantle
and erupt creating a large mountain chain? THE MIDATALNTIC RIDGE (mid-ocean ridge)
4. The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's
lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
__PLATE TECTONICS______.
5. The place where two plates are moving toward one
another is called a _CONVERGENT___ boundary.
6. As depth beneath Earth's surface increases, what
happens to the temperature and pressure? PRESSURE
AND TEMPERATURE BOTH INCREASE
7. What is the mid-ocean ridge? THE LONGEST
MOUNTAIN CHAIN ON EARTH; RESULTS FROM
THE NEW OCEAN FLOOR WHICH DEVELOPS AT
DIVERGENT BOUNDARIES
8. Put the following Earth’s layer is order from the center
outward: mantle, inner core, outer core, crust
INNER CORE, OUTER CORE, MANTLE, CRUST
9. The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks
under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the
__FOCUS_____.
10. The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a
__STRIKE-SLIP_____ fault.
11. When earthquakes under the ocean cause the ocean
floor to rise suddenly, a _TSUNAMI__ can occur.
12. Most geologists think the movement of Earth's crustal
plates is caused by _CONVECTION_ currents.
13. What indirect method of observation do geologists
most often use to study Earth's interior? SCIENTISTS
STUDY SEISMIC WAVES
14. Volcanic belts form along the boundaries of
_TECTONIC_ plates.
15. Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is
called _MAGMA__.
16. A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma
cools inside the crust is called a _BATHOLITH_.
17. If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area
near a volcano, what can they infer about the
volcano? THE VOLCANO IS PROBABLY GOING TO
ERUPT SOON
18. The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic
mountain is called a _CALDERA__.
19. The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example
of a _HOT SPOT_.
20. In volcanic areas, groundwater heated by magma is a
source of what type of energy? _GEOTHERMAL__
21. What is the major ingredient of magma? _SILICA___
22. What was Pangaea and who named it? WEGENER
GAVE THIS NAME TO THE SUPERCONTINENT
SINGLE LANDMASS, WHICH EXISTED ON EARTH
ABOUT 2 MILLION YEARS AGO BEFORE IT
STARTED BREAKING UP
23. Old Faithful, located in Yellowstone National Park, is
an example of a _GEYSER__.
24. Any trace of an ancient organism that has been
preserved in rock is called a _FOSSIL___.
25. When earthquakes under the ocean cause the ocean
floor to raise suddenly, what kind of natural disaster can
occur? TSUNAMI
29. Magma usually forms in what layer of the Earth?
MANTLE
30. Which of the following correctly shows how
convections currents in the mantle of the earth cause deepocean trenches to form? Only one is correct! MUST BE
AT A SUBDUCTION ZONE
31. Describe the three stages of life for a volcano.
ACTIVE- CURRENTLY ERUPTING OR SHOWING
SIGNS OF ERUPTING SOON
DORMANT – ASLEEP; MAY ERUPT SONETIME IN
THE FUTURE BUT HASN’T IN THE LAST 200
YEARS
EXTINCT – DEAD; NOT LIKELY TO EVER ERUPT
AGAIN
32. Why do different liquids have different viscosities?
BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITION,
TEMPERATURE, AND PRESSURE. For magma, we’re
talking silica content, temperature, and the amount of gas
present
Use the diagram to answer each question.
33. Name the type of volcano in diagram A and describe
how it forms.
A = CINDER CONE VOLCANO – FORMS FROM
EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS WITH PYROCLASTIC
FLOW
34. Name the type of volcano in diagram B and describe
how it forms.
B = COMPOSITE VOLCANO FORMED BY
ALTERNATING QUIET LAVA FLOWS AND
EXPLOSIVE CINDER AND ASH FLOWS
35. Name the type of volcano in diagram C and describe
how it forms.
C = SHIELD VOLCANO FORMED FROM REPEATED
QUIET ERUPTIONS WITH LAVA FLOW