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The Periodic Table September 3, 2014 • Weekly Sheet • Objective: I can identify different categories of the periodic table. • Starter: On this graph, which is the independent variable? Which is the dependent variable? • IV: Age • DV: Height • Conclusion: As age increases, height increases The Origin of the elements Origins of the Elements Listening Guide Answer the 13 questions on the listening guide from the video Carl Sagan, Cosmos • “The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our teeth, the iron in our blood, the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors of collapsing stars. We are made of starstuff.” Important Concepts: • Groups • Periods • Metals • Alkali Metals • Alkaline Earth Metals • Transition Metals • Nonmetals • Halogens • Noble Gases • Metalloids The Periodic Table Groups and Periods Group: Vertical column (also called a family) • Elements with similar chemical properties Period: Horizontal row • Physical and chemical properties change regularly across a period Metals METAL: an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity Characteristics: • Shiny (metallic luster) • Most are solid at room temperature • Malleable (can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets) • Ductile (can be drawn into wire) • Classifications – alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, other metals Good Conductor Nonmetals NONMETAL: an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity Characteristics • Many are gases at room temperature (Ex: N, O, F, Cl, etc.) • Many are solids at room temperature (Ex: C, P, Se, S, I, etc.) • Solids are brittle (NOT malleable or ductile) • Classifications – halogens, noble gases, other nonmetals Characteristics of Metals Metalloids METALLOID: an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals Characteristics • All are solid at room temperature • Less malleable than metals, but not as brittle as nonmetals • Also known as semiconductors or semimetals Noble Gases (Group 18) • Unreactive • All are gases at room temperature Periodic Tables • Color these seven sections of the table (Remember to make a key so you know which is which): • • • • • • • Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Noble Gases Transition Metals Non-Metals Metalloids Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Noble Gases Transition Metals Non-Metals Note: Group 17 elements are all non-metals, but they are called Halogens. These 7 elements are called non-metals because they don’t belong to any other group. Metalloids