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REASONING
4
SERIES
A series or sequence consists of several terms. In other
words, the units of a sequence are called TERMS. Each
term in the series has its own importance as there exists
certain relationship between the two consecutive terms. All
the terms in the sequence follow a certain pattern
throughout, the sequence in most cases. We come across
several types of questions based r>n any given series. In
order to solve such questions you must recognise the pattern
of the given series. The questions based on English alphabet
series are somewhat easy as you can remember the position
of each alphabet readily. But in the case of mixed series or
jumbled series, it is vdry difficult to remember the position
of each term.
A mixed series comprises letters, numbers and symbols
and unlike the English alphabet series the number of terms
is not fixed in such series. A mixed series may contain any
number of terms viz. 26, 28, 30, 32 or 34. Such questions
require sufficient practice as there is no definite SHORT
CUTS for these questions. The questions on mixed seriescan be divided into two major heade :
I. Series of letters and numbers, and
II. Series of letters, numbers and symbols.
Questions on mixed series tend to judge how quickly
you can identify the relationship amongst the given terms
(letters, numbers and symbols). Such questions can be
solved quickly by counting the terms very fast.
Some Important Tips
(i) First of all, count the terms in the given series.
(ii) Pin-point the middle term, if any.
(iii) Write down the total number of letters, numbers
and symbols respectively. •
(iv) Form the groups of five terms, counting from either
end so that you can recognise the position of the required
term quickly.
Series Consisting of Letters & Numbers
Directions (1-3) : Read the following letter-number
sequence and answer the questions given below :
SHM9BWFQ7NJ4VAETX85GKPZR31L
Ex.1. Which letter/number is fourth to the left of 16th
letter/number from your left?
(1) A
(2) G
(3) 4
(4) E
(5) None of these
Ex.2. If every alternate letter/number starting from 9 is
dropped from the above sequence how many letters
and numbers respectively will remain in the above
sequence?
(1) 12 and 3
(2) 11 and 4
. (3) 6 and 9
(4) 5 and 10
(5) None of these
Ex.3.
If the first'fourteen letter-numbers are written in
the reverse order which letter/number will be sixth
to the left of twelfth letter/number from your right?
(1) 9
(2) B
(3) H
(4) 5
(5) None of these
= = EXPLANATIONS
'
TRICK : 16 - 4 = 12th from left
2. (1) Remaining letters/numbers;
SHMBF7JVEX5KZ3L
Letters => S, H, M, B, F, J, V, E, X, K, Z, L (12)
Numbers => 7, 5, 3, (3)
3. (2) The new arrangement:
TRICK : 12 + 6 = 18th from right
Series Consisting of Letters, Numbers & Symbols
In order to make series more complicated, letters and
numbers are combined with different symbols. Consider
the following examples:
Directions (4-9): Study the following letter-numbersymbol sequence carefully and answer the questions given
below:
BD5FE38$M2IK*PT@U9A71£HJ4Q6
Ex.4. What should come in place of the question mark (?)
in the following sequence ?
5ES, MIP, ?, 1HQ
(l)TUA
(2) TU7
(3) @ 91
(4) T91
(5) None of these
Ex.5. Which of the following is exactly in the midway
between the eleventh from the left end and the 7th
from the right end?
(1)P
(2) @
(3)T
(4) U
(5) None of these
Ex.6. Which of the following is the sixth to the right of
the twentieth from the right end ?
(1)5
(2) F
(3)P
(4) K
(5) None of these
Ex.7. How many such digits are there in the above
sequence which are immediately preceded as well
as followed by digits ?
Ex.8.
Ex.9.
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
How many such consonants are there in the above
sequence which are immediately preceded by a
symbol and immediately followed by a digit ?
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
If the first fifteen elements are written in the reverse
order then which of the following will be eighth to
the left of the thirteenth element from right end?
(DM
(2) 8
(3)$
(4) *
(5) None of these
EXPLANATIONS
(4-9) :
(i) There are altogether 27 elements in the above
sequence.
(ii) There are only 14 letters in the above sequence.
(iii) There are only 9 digits in the above sequence.
(iv) There are only 4 symbols in the above sequence.
(v) The middle term of the sequence is P.
Directions (10-12): Read the following letter-numbersymbol sequence carefully and answer the questions given
below :
£ N R A 3 A F 4 @ L M Z P ® Q 12RTJ7JKL#$'
9 8 G H • 3
Ex.10. If the positions of the first five elements are
interchanged with that of the last five elements then
which of the following will be the eighth element to
the right of eleventh element from right?
(D H
(2) K
(3) N
(4) 8 (5) R
Ex.11. How many such elements are there in the above
sequence which are immediately preceded by letter/
digit/ symbol but immediately followed by a digit?
(1) 3
(2) 4
(3) 2
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these
Ex. 12. What should come in the place of question-mark (?)
in the following series?
N 3 @, AFM, ?, 4MQ
(1) A @ Z
(2) 3 @ Z
(3) FL ®
(4) A@P
(5) None of these
EXPLANATIONS
Therefore, ? = TU7
5.(2) l l t h f r o m l e f t e n d = > I
7th from right end => 1
Remaining elements between I aifd 1:
...
K * P T [ @ ] U 9 A 7
i
Middle Term
6. (3) 6th to the right of 20th from the right end means
20 - 6 = 14th from the right end.
There are altogether 27 elements in the above
sequence and the middle term, Le., 14th element
from either end is P. Therefore, our required
answer is option (3).
Such combination is $ M 2
Therefore, our required answer is option (2).
9.(1) 8th to the left of 13th element from right end means
13 + 8 = 21st from the right end.
21 st element from the right end is equivalent to
28-21 = 7th element from the left and vice-versa.
Thus,
1st
15th, 2nd <-> 14th, 3rd *-> 13th, 4th <->
12th, 5th <-» 11th, 6th <-> 10th, 7th <-> 9th
Therefore, required element would be 9th from the
left in the original sequence.
9th from left -» M-
(10-12):
(i) There are altogether 32 elements.
(ii) There are 17 letters.
(iii) There are 8 digits.
(iv) There are 7 symbols.
(v) The middle pair of elements is 12.
• .
10. (5) ISHORT-CUT
8th element to the right of 11th element from right
means 1 1 - 8 = 3rd element from right.
But the five e l e m e n t s from right have been
interchanged with the five elements from left. Thus
Such Combinations are:
Thus, there are seven such elements.
Directions (13-17): Study the following arrangement
carefully and answer the questions given below :
R4 3 % M @ K E F 5 A # J N I 8 U © D B P 6 I W 7 5 Q • Z
Ex.13. If all the symbols are dropped from the above arrangement, which of the following will be fourth to
the left of ninth from the left end ?
(1)K
(2)E
(3)M
(4)3
(5) None of these
Ex.14. If all the numbers are dropped from the above arrangement, which of the following will be seventh
to the right of eighteenth from the right end ?
(DJ
(2)#
(3)U
(4)N
(5) None of these
Ex. 15. How many such consonants are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a symbol and immediately followed by a letter?
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex. 16. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way
based on their positions in the above arrangement
and so form a group. Which is the one that does
not belong to that group ?
, (1)JA1
(2)3R%
(3)8©1
(4) # N A
(5) 6 W Q
Ex.17. How'many such numbers are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately followed
by a letter but not immediately preceded by a symbol?
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
[Indian Bank Rural Marketing Officer Exam, 03.01.2010]
• EXPLANATIONS
•
13. (1) According to question, the new sequence would
be :
4th to left of A
Symbol Number Letter
Such combinations are : F5A . R 8Ul. IP6II
Directions (18-23): Study the following arrangement
carefully and answer the questions given below.
Q9K#P@3ENSAC*G©UM7FIV%4Z8Y
Ex.18. If all the numbers are dropped from the above
arrangement, which of the following will be the
seventeenth from the right end ?
(1! E
(2) P
(3) I
(4) C
(5) @
Ex.19. Which of the following is the sixth to the left of the
fifth to the left of V ?
(1) 3
(2) A
(3) N
(4) S
(5) None of these
Ex.20. Which of the following is the eighth to the right of
the fourteenth from the left end of the above arrangement?
(1) V
(2) 4
(3) %
(4) E
(5) None of these
Ex.21. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way
based on their positions in the above arrangement
and so form a group. Which is the one that does
not belong to that group ?
(1) IM%
(2) CNG
(3) 3#N
(4) UGC
(5) GAU
Ex.22. How many such symbols are there in above
arrangement, each of which is immediately
preceded by an alphabet and immediately followed
by a number ?
(1) None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.23. How many such vowels are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately
preceded by a number and immediately followed
by a consonant ?
(1), None
(2) One
(3) Three
(4) Two
(5) None of these
[Vijaya Bank Clerk Exam, 07.02.2010]
EXPLANATIONS
14. (3) According to question, the new sequence would be :
R%M@KEFA#JNU©DBPIW5Q*Z
7th to the right of 18th from the right end means 11th
from the right end, i.e., U.
*
15. (4)
Symbol
Such combinations are :
@KE
#JN
©DB
18. (5) According to the question, the new sequence would
be :
Q K # PlUE N S A C * G © U M • F I V % Z Y
*
,
I
17th from the right end
19. (4) 6th to the left of the 5th to the left of V means 11th
to the left of V, i.e.. S.
.
20. (5) 8th to the right of the 14th from the left end means
6th from the left end, i.e., @.
Directions (24-28): Study the following arrangement
carefully and answer the questions given below.
3 8 $ Q R # T 4 S 7 @ I J U %
1 6 5 F A C 9 E G * H W K 2 £
Ex.24. How many such numbers are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a consonant and immediately followed by
a symbol ?
(1) None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.25. Which of the following is the eighth to the left of the
thirteenth from the left end of the above arrangement?
(1) R
(2) #
(3) Q
(4) T
(5) $
Ex.26. If all the symbols and numbers in the above arrangement are dropped, which of the following will
be the tenth from the right end ?
(1) I
(2) J
(3) U
(4) S
(5) None of these
Ex.27. What should come in place of question mark (?) in
the following series based on the above arrangement?
Q#T
71J
15F
?
(1) CEG
(2) 9 G *
(3) E * H
(4) GHW
(5) None of these
Ex.28. How many such consonants are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a vowel and immediately followed by another consonant ?
(1) None
(2) Orte
(3) Two
(4) Three .
(5) More than three
[Himachal Gramin Bank Clerk Exam, 17.01.2010]
————— EXPLANATIONS
There is no such combination.
Directions (29-33): Study the following arrangement
carefully and answer the questions given below:
BM%R3J@K©DF69W4*NEP2$AY5I
QZ# 7UG
Ex.29. Which of the following is the sixth to the left of the
twentieth from the left end of the above arrangement ?
(1) J
(2)Q
(3)W
(4)E
(5) None of these
Ex.30. How many such consonants are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a symbol and immediately followed by a number?
(1) None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.31. If all the symbols and all the vowels are dropped
from the above arrangement, which of the following will be twelfth from the right end ?
(1) 9
(2) 6
(3) P
(4)Y
(5) None of these
Ex.32. How many such numbers are there in the above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a letter but not immediately followed by a
letter ?
(1) None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.33. What should come in the place of question mark (?)
in the following series based on the above arrangement ?
MRJ. @F9 * E 2 ?
(1) Y5I
(2) Y1Q
(3) A5Q
(4) Y i z
(5) None of these
[Allahabad Bank PO Exam. 21.02.2010]
EXPLANATIONS
29. (3) 6th to the left of the 20th from the left end means
14th from the left end, i.e., W.
'
31. (1) According to question the new sequence would be :
B M R 3 J K D F 6 {¥} W 4 N P 2 V 5 Q Z 7 G
1_
I
Directions (34-38): Study the following arrangement
carefully and answer the questions given below :
4$3ZYA56*©@7PLETQSB28C1MUIX%
Ex.34. Which of the following is the fourth to the left of the
tenth from the right end of the above arrangement?
(1)B
(2)7
(3)L
(4) E
(5) None of these
Ex.35. How many such numbers are there in the above
arrangement, each of. which is immediately preceded by a number and not immediately followed
by a letter ?
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.36. If all the symbols and letters from the above arrangement are dropped, which of the following will
be fifth from the left end of the above arrangement?
(1)4
(2)3
(3)5
(4) 7
(5) 8
Ex.37. How many such consonants are there in the.above
arrangement, each of which is immediately preceded by a letter and immediately followed by a
vowel ?
(l)None
(2) One
(3) Two
(4) Three
(5) More than three
Ex.38. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way
based on their positions in the above arrangement
and so form a group. Which is the one that does
not belong to that group ?
(1)4ZA
(2)$Y5
(3)CU%
(4) PTS
(5) @LT
(Allahabad Bank Clerk Exam, 14.03.2010]
EXPLANATIONS
34. (4) 4th to the left of the 1 Oth from the right end means
14th from the right end, i.e., E.
r
.(To be continued)