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The Skeletal System Anatomical Terms Anatomical Position is the reference position used to describe the location of anatomical parts and to describe and explain human movement. the subject is: 1. standing upright with feet flat on the floor 2. arms at the side of the body 3. facing the observer 4. palms are facing forward (supinated) Directional Terms Note: the midline is an imaginary vertical line that divides the body into equal left and right sides 1. Superior: nearer the head e.g. the heart is superior to the liver 2. Inferior: farther away from the head e.g. the stomach is inferior to the lungs 3. Anterior (ventral): nearer to or in front of the body e.g. the sternum is anterior to the heart 4. Posterior (dorsal): nearer to or at the back of the body e.g. the esophagus is posterior to the trachea 5. Medial: closer to the midline of the body e.g. the ulna is on the medial side of the forearm 6. Lateral: farther away from the midline of the body e.g. the ear is lateral to the nose in all individuals 7. Proximal: nearer to the attachment of an extremity (limb) to the trunk; nearer to the point of origin e.g. the humerus is proximal to the radius 8. Distal: farther from the attachment of an extremity (limb) to the trunk; farther away from the point of origin e.g. the phalanges are distal to the carpals (wrist bones) 9. Superficial: on or near the surface of the body e.g. the skin is the most superficial organ of the body 10. Deep: farther away from the surface of the body e.g. the ribs are deep to the skin of the chest