Download Baroque Music - Matt Berg Professional Portfolio

Baroque Music
1600-1750
“Baroque”
• Negative term for music of this time period
– “Misshapen Pearl”
• Used to describe the heavy ornamentation of
the period
– Ornament-musical embellishment, small musical
gestures
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daWPIJQL3yI
Florentine Camerata
• Group of rich humanists discuss what matters
in the musical world
– Like critics shaping what music is “good”
• Going back to Ancient Greek values and the
musical drama
– Monody makes a comeback-voice sung over a
string instrument like kithara or lute
First Opera
• Dafne by Jacopo Peri
• First Complete surviving opera L’Euridice also
by Peri
– Based off of Greek character Orfeo
– Orfeo goes to Hell using music to get his dead wife
back to the living world
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZ5Sheod6W
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Tonality
• Music based off of scales as we know them
today
– Development of harmony like today
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0WmBbxP0Z
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Louis XIV
• Age of centralized court
• Louis is all-powerful King of France
– Louis loves to dance; Versailles
– Louis wants biggest, most extravagant production
– Leads to highly paid composer with greatly
embellished music in France
Jean-Baptiste Lully
• Personal composer to Louis XIV
– Publishes only for Louis’s court
• Creates the French opera including the French
dance break at the end of a scene
• Armide, French opera
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uE230ev
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Arcangelo Corelli
• Italian violinist that “invented” proper
technique and mastery of violin
• Publishes music publicly, released from his
court (All instrumental)
• New genre-concerto grosso
– Alternation between small group and full orchetra
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVM9MpCu_J
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Henry Purcell
• English composer
– Over 800 works of varying genres
– Marches to vocal works
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8Vkq5xKkHQ
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m1ACQpPx8S
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Antonio Vivaldi
• Forms-large scale structure to a piece of music
• Vivaldi has his own full-time orchestra and
using solidified forms to produce many works
– Different melodies following same formula
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGdFHJXciAQ
– Vivaldi’s music creates first wave of “shredders”
Domenico Scarlatti
• Spain’s contribution at this time is a virtuoso
keyboradist
• Keyboard sonatas written and performed for
his court
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjghYFgt8
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• Piano shredding
Johann Sebastian Bach
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A pretty big deal in the historical world
Takes harmony and form to the extreme
Begins in liturgical world
Organ music
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F51uHpH3yQ
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• Oratorio
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFnW_CrPUlA
More Bach
• Writes for every instrument of his time and
full orchestra
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCnJ1Rk9
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• Brandenburg court gets stingy
• JS Bach is not very popular in his time
– “Bach Revival” paints Bach as master of music
Instruments
• Strings:
– Violin
– Viola
– Cello
– Bass
Woodwinds
• Double reed (Oboe, Bassoon)
Brass
• Serpent
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWez9hhi
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Moving to the Classical era
• “Classical” music describes just one era of
music in the context of history (following
1750)
• Bach becomes the foundation for study of all
things music – harmony, composition,
technique on different instruments