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Download Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Measuring Interplanetary
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4/21/2014 Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Objectives • Explain the difference between a planet’s period of rotation and period of revolution. • Describe the difference between prograde and retrograde rotation • Describe the individual characteristics of Mercury, Venus, Earth, & Mars p645 Measuring Interplanetary Distance Astronomical Unit – average distance between the Earth and the sun • 150 million kilometers Speed of light • 300,000 km/s • Light minute = light travels 18 million km in one minute. • Light from the sun takes 8.3 light minutes to reach Earth. 1 4/21/2014 p648 Terrestrial Planets Terrestrial Planets • Small • Dense • Rocky • Near the sun p648 Mercury: Closest to the Sun Mercury • Less massive = less gravity • One day = 59 Earth days – Period of rotation = 59 days long • One year = 88 Earth days – Period of revolution = 88 days 2 4/21/2014 p649 Venus: Earth’s Twin Venus • Similar to Earth: mass and density • Different: Sun rises in west and sets in East – Prograde rotation: counterclockwise when viewed from N. Pole • Earth – Retrograde rotation: clockwise when viewed from N. Pole • Venus p649 Venus: Earth’s Twin Venus (continued) • Atmosphere – Dense! 90 times the pressure of Earth’s – Carbon dioxide, destructive acids, – Hot! 867.2oF • Carbon dioxide traps heat • Surface – Mapped the surface with radar waves 3 4/21/2014 p651 Mars: Our Intriguing Neighbor Mars • Less mass = less density (38% of Earth’s gravity) • Thin atmosphere = cold – Summer temps: a high of 8.6oF – No ozone = liquid water would quickly boil away • Has frozen water 4 4/21/2014 Chapter 21 Section 3 The Outer Planets Objectives 1. Explain how gas giants are different from terrestrial planets. 2. Describe the individual characteristics of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune p654 Gas Giants! Gas Giants • Deep, massive atmosphere 5 4/21/2014 p654 Jupiter: A Giant Among Giants Jupiter • Largest • Hydrogen & helium • Atmosphere = clouds of water, methane, & ammonia • Radiates more energy than it receives from the sun. 6 ERROR: undefined OFFENDING COMMAND: .\6U=C;7ScoW8O4Ij: STACK:
