Download Document-oriented database

CHAPTER 7
Current Trends in Database
Why changing trends???
 Difficulties with RDBMS storage and usage
 Demand for data in forms other than just text
 Adoption of e-Business causes rise in online
DBMS capacity demand.
 Growth in e-commerce and enterprise portals
….Creates market for open source DBMS.
 Demand for access through mobile devices
….Mobile database suites
What are the current
 Multimedia Databases
 Distributed Database
 Document-oriented Databases
 Mobile & embedded Databases
trends ??
Multimedia Databases
A.
B.
C.
D.
Multimedia data typically means
digital images
audio
video
animation and graphics
The acquisition, generation, storage and
processing of multimedia data in computers
and transmission over networks have grown
tremendously in the recent past.
Multimedia Databases
Contents of MMDB
1. Media data - actual data representing images,
audio, video that are captured, digitized,
processed, compressed and stored.
2. Media format data - Contains information
pertaining to the format of the media data
after it goes through the acquisition,
processing, and encoding phases.
E.g. sampling rate, resolution, frame rate,
encoding scheme etc.
Multimedia Databases
Contents of MMDB
3. Media keyword data (content descriptive data )
Contains keyword descriptions, relating to the
generation of the media data.
E.g., for a video, includes the date, time, place
of recording , person who recorded, scene that
is recorded etc.
Multimedia Databases
Contents of MMDB
4. Media feature data(content dependent data) Contains the features derived from the media
data. A feature characterizes the media
contents.
E.g., info about the distribution of colors, the
kinds of textures and the different shapes
present in an image.
Multimedia Databases
Querying parameters
The media keyword data and media feature data
are used as indices for searching purpose. The
media format data is used to present the retrieved
information.
Multimedia Databases
Multimedia Databases
Some Examples
Multimedia Search Engine Multimedia.Lycos.com
Search Engine for Sounds Findsounds.com
Image Search
Google.com
e.g. filter image by color
Multimedia Databases
Applications of Multimedia Database
1. Streaming data
2. Interactive video
3. Digital Libraries
4. Image retrieval
Multimedia Databases
1. Streaming data
Data stream
Data streaming
Used generally in
Electronics
Telecommunications
Computer architecture.
 they require
bandwidth, time dependent, no time lag
Source and sink
Multimedia Databases
1. Streaming Data
modes of transmission
asynchronous, synchronous, isochronous
 characteristics
time
strongly periodic, weakly periodic, aperiodic
var. of consecutive packet amount
strongly regular, weekly regular, irregular
continuity
connected data streams, unconnected data streams
Multimedia Databases
2. Interactive video
The term interactive video usually refers to a
technique used to blend interaction and linear film
or video.
Example
Multimedia Databases
Interactive video in
Multimedia Databases
3. Digital Libraries
Collections are stored in digital formats
(not as print, or other media)
The digital content may be stored locally, or
accessed remotely via computer networks.
 A digital library is a type of information retrieval
system.
Example
Multimedia Databases
World Digital Library @ US Library of Congress, Washington D.C.
Multimedia Databases
4. Image Retrieval
Distributed Databases
A distributed database is a collection of
multiple, logically interrelated databases of the
same system distributed over various sites of a
computer network.
Sometimes "distributed database system" is
used to refer jointly to the distributed database
and the distributed DBMS.
Distributed Databases
2 aspects of a distributed database:
1.Distribution :
Data are not resident at the same site,
so that we can distinguish a distributed
database from a single, centralized database.
 2.Logical correlation :
Data have some properties which tie
them together, so that we can distinguish a
distributed database from a set of local
databases or files which are resident at different
sites of a computer network.
Distributed Databases
Distributed Databases
Examples
 Cloud computing services
 All major social and professional networking
sites use distributed databases
Document-oriented database
Each record (document) might have a different
format (number and size of fields)
Don’t store data in tables with uniform sized
fields for each record. Instead, each record is
stored as a document that has certain
characteristics.
Any number of fields of any length can be
added to a document.
Fields can also contain multiple pieces of data.
Document-oriented database
A document:
FirstName=“Anna“,
Address=“Denver“
Hobby="singing"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<Student>
<FirstName>Anna</FirstName>
<Address>Denver</Address>
<Hobby>singing</Hobby>
</Student>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
Another document : <Student>
FirstName=“Anurag", <FirstName>Anurag</FirstName>
Address=“Thane“
<Address>Thane</Address>
Hobby=“dancing”
<Hobby>dancing</Hobby>
NickName=“mishra” <NickName>mishra</Nickname>
</Student>
Document-oriented database
All XML databases are doc-oriented DBs
Apache's CoucheDB is an example of a free &
open source document-oriented database
There are various other such providers
Mobile & embedded database
Many daily-use devices contain
databases
TVs, washing machines, mobile phones
e.g. Android phones with SQLite
database
Embedded databases in cars,
airplanes etc.
manage configurations &
store sensor data
e.g. db4o object database
used in BMW Car IT system
Data is highly valuable for every
business organization.
The trends just depict mere
examples of what is in store for us
in the future.
Slide from:
• http://www.slideshare.net/SwatanuSatpathy/
current-trends-in-dbms