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Download Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora
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Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora = jellies, anemones, corals, hydrozoans and comb jellies = Coelenterates Fantasy vs Reality Coelenterate Characteristics Radial/biradial symmetry Diploblastic Majority marine Benthic or planktonic Solitary or colonial Free swimming larvae Cnidarian Body Plan Epidermis, gastrodermis & mesoglea Polymorphism Polyp Cylindrical, pedal disk or physa, terminal mouth Dactylo-, gono-, gastro-, siphonozooids Medusa Exumbrella, subumbrella Marginal tentacles Manubrium Reproductive stage Muscular system = not mesodermal Nerve system = 2 nerve nets Cnidaria Body:Sensory/Defense Organs Mechanoreceptors = hairlike, in area of cnidocytes Rhopalia = variety of structures Statocysts Ocelli = pigment cup and eyes = in cubozoans, bell margin Nematocysts in cnidocytes, damaging Ctenophore Body Plan canal canal canal digestive mouth canal cavity canal canal canal canal canal canal tentacle tentacle canal canal canal Spherical to ovoid, intricate canal system Mouth at one pole, apical sense organ at the other Ctene rows extending from mouth to ASO = paddle like comb Plates of fused cilia Epidermis and gastrodermis separated by mesoglea Sticky lasso cells (colloblasts), no nematocyst Nutrition and Digestive System Carnivorous Trap prey or suspension feeders, nematocysts Contractile tentacles, colloblasts Symbiotic algae (particularly corals) Digestion= extra- and intracellular One digestive opening only, anal pores Waste diffusion and rosettes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HheMqLyw1d8&feature=related Reproduction and Lifecycles Sexual Dioecious Hermaphroditic Planula or cydippid Strobilation Asexual a. Budding b. fission c. Frustule d. Segmentation Symbiosis and Interactions 1. 2. 3. 4. Anemones and hermit crabs Nudibranchs Clownfish and anemone Zooxanthellae Classification Cnidaria Anthozoa Polyp Muscles Staurozoa Cubozoa Scyphozoa True jellies Medusa Small Eyes Polyp/medusa Rhopalia Rhopalia Hydrozoa Polyp/medusa No statocyst/rhopalia Ctenophore Classification Class Tentaculata Ovoid bodies Contain tentacles Class Nuda Conical bodies No feeding appendages Large pharynx with large cilia = create feeding currents Fun Facts Cnidaria = Greek “cnidos” = stinging, nettle Can contain more than 800 tentacles Jelly fish = >95% water Coral reefs = economic importance Used for bone replacement Prey on small fish = problem in aquaculture = Mnemiopsis = invasive species in Baltic Bioluminescence
