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US. History, Ch. 12, Study Guide, 2016
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. A crucial objective for Allied forces in World War II was to
a. save as many Jewish people as possible.
b. protect Turkey from German invasion.
c. protect shipping.
d. knock the Egyptians out of the war.
____
2. How did Adolf Hitler build support for Nazi anti-semitism?
a. by blaming Aryans for economic woes and appealing to injured German pride
b. by widely publicizing the operation of extermination camps
c. by blaming Jews for economic woes and appealing to injured German pride
d. by conquering several European countries
____
3. What was the significance of the Battle of Midway?
a. It led to the success of D-Day.
b. It was the first success of the American navy in World War II.
c. It changed the entire balance of power in the Pacific.
d. It devastated American morale.
____
4. A pilot who loaded his aircraft with bombs and deliberately crashed it into an enemy ship was called a(n)
a. Leyte.
b. intern.
c. code talker.
d. kamikaze.
____
5. For American soldiers, one of the most feared aspects of the war in the Pacific was the
a. willingness of Japanese soldiers to fight to the death.
b. likelihood of nuclear attack.
c. difficulty of identifying who the enemy was.
d. unpredictability of U-Boat attacks.
____
6. Many American women contributed to the war effort by
a. having more babies to replace soldiers killed in war.
b. planting victory gardens, dealing with wartime rationing, and buying war bonds.
c. hiding Jewish families in secret rooms in their attics and basements.
d. sacrificing their lives as Allied soldiers, sailors and pilots.
____
7. The removal of people to internment camps during World War II was based solely on
a. a person’s citizenship status.
b. a person’s racial background.
c. a person’s criminal record.
d. evidence of sabotage and espionage.
____
8. Truman decided to use the atomic bomb against Japan because
a. he was unaware of the amount of destruction and suffering the bomb would cause.
b. he wanted to punish Japanese civilians for refusing to surrender.
c. he hoped to avoid an invasion that would result in massive Allied casualties and firebombing had
not yet forced Japan to surrender.
d. he hoped to force Hitler to surrender alive.
____
9. What event caused Germany to surrender?
a. the liberation of Jews from the extermination camps
b. the dropping of the atomic bomb
c. the loss of the Battle of the Bulge
d. Hitler’s suicide
____ 10. Which of the following brought an end to World War II?
a. the bombing of Hiroshima
b. Germany’s surrender
c. the bombing of Nagasaki
d. Hirohito’s announcement in a radio broadcast
____ 11. After heavy early losses from U-boat attacks, the Allies first chose what strategy to protect their ships?
a. using advanced sonar devices to detect U-boats
b. traveling in large convoys that included armed ships
c. using new torpedo technology to sink U-boats before they could attack
d. breaking the German code so that U-boat movements could be tracked
____ 12. Control of North Africa was important to the Allies because
a. it kept shipping lanes on the Mediterranean Sea open.
b. it distracted the Axis and kept them from attacking Great Britain.
c. North Africa was the source of critical supplies, such as uranium and iron.
d. it was important to troop morale that the Allies have some success against the Axis forces.
____ 13. German forces in North Africa were led by
a. Hermann Göering.
b. Heinrich Himmler.
c. Benito Mussolini.
d. Erwin Rommel.
____ 14. What was the primary purpose of Operation Overlord?
a. to drive the German troops from Russia
b. to launch a force behind German lines and attack from the North
c. to drive the German forces from France
d. to free Italy from Mussolini’s control
Cause
Effect
formation of the Tuskegee Airmen
____ 15. Which of the following best completes the diagram?
a. forced desegregation of the military
b. ability to break and read codes
c. outstanding record as test pilots and successes in World War I
d. racial discrimination in American society and the military
____ 16. What was the ultimate goal of the Nazi’s Final Solution?
a. to control all of Europe and the Soviet Union
b. to murder all Jews in Europe and the Soviet Union
c. to eliminate all opposition to worldwide Nazi rule
d. to defeat the Allies and attack Japan
____ 17. The Battle of the Coral Sea was significant in the Pacific because
a. it was the first time Allied forces had stopped the Japanese advance.
b. it represented the first time that Allied naval strength exceeded Japanese naval strength.
c. it was the first time that the Allies fought a land, sea, and air battle.
d. it represented the first major Allied defeat in the Pacific.
____ 18. The Japanese impressed Americans at Iwo Jima and Okinawa primarily with
a. their superior strategy.
b. their quick surrender in the face of a much larger force.
c. their resolve to fight to the last man even when defeat was certain.
d. their ability to inflict massive casualties with primitive weapons.
____ 19. Hollywood’s role during World War II can best be described as
a. supporting the war effort.
b. minimal because many actors, writers, and directors had joined the Army and were unable to make
films.
c. opposing the war effort.
d. exposing the Holocaust.
____ 20. Which of the following were forced to leave their homes and move to camps away from the American coasts?
a. African Americans
b. German Americans
c. Japanese Americans
d. Jewish Americans
____ 21. Allied forces began their attack on mainland Italy from which island?
a. Malta
b. Sicily
c. Sardinia
d. Corsica
____ 22. Why was Hitler’s decision to defend the Rhine River unwise?
a. It resulted in the Allies capturing a quarter million German soldiers.
b. While the Germans defended the Rhine, the Allies captured Berlin.
c. The Allies bombarded the river as the German army crossed it.
d. The river’s current drowned many German soldiers as they crossed it.
____ 23. At what Russian city on the Volga did the Germans suffer a major defeat?
a. Kiev
b. Moscow
c. Leningrad
d. Stalingrad
____ 24. After World War II, the United States worked
a. to rebuild relations with the Soviet Union.
b. to prevent a nuclear arms race.
c. to rebuild Europe and Japan.
d. to create the European Union.
“For some of you, I am sorry to say military service must continue for a time. We must keep
an occupation force in Japan, just as we are cleaning out the militarism of Germany. The
United Nations are determined that never again shall either of those countries be able to
attack its peaceful neighbors.”
–Harry S Truman
from “Total Victory” speech
____ 25. This speech was most likely given soon after
a. V-E Day.
b. V-J Day.
c. the Yalta Conference.
d. the Teheran Conference.
____ 26. The Battle of the Bulge was given its name because
a. the German attack created a bulge in the Allied battle lines.
b. the Allied attack created a bulge in the German battle lines.
c. the Japanese attack created a bulge in the Allied battle lines.
d. the Allied attack created a bulge in the Japanese battle lines.
____ 27. During the Bataan Death March
a. Japanese and Filipino soldiers were forced to march for miles or be beaten and shot by American
forces.
b. American and British soldiers were forced to march for miles or be beaten and shot by German
troops.
c. American and Filipino soldiers were forced to march for miles or be beaten and shot by Japanese
troops.
d. Japanese people fled the cities for fear of another atomic bomb.
____ 28. Which of the following best describes the reason that the Navajo code talkers were so effective?
a. The Japanese could not break code sent in the complex, unwritten Navajo language.
b. The Axis forces were misled by inaccurate information signaled by the code talkers.
c. The Navajo had perfected a way of signaling information over long distances without being
detected by sonar or radar.
d. The similarities between Japanese and Navajo allowed false messages to be sent by the Allies,
which confused Japanese forces.
____ 29. An important difference between government spending during the Depression and during World War II was
that
a. the spending shifted from war preparedness during the Depression to domestic programs during the
war.
b. government spending decreased during the hard economic times of the Depression and increased
during the war.
c. government spending had increased so much during the Depression that the government had few
resources available to prepare for the war.
d. much of the spending that focused on domestic programs during the Depression was shifted to
focus on the war effort.
US. History, Ch. 12, Study Guide, 2016
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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