Download Unit 2 OTC-RX-Illegal drugs

What is the difference between
medicines & drugs?
 Today, medicine(s) can prevent
– treat – cure most illnesses
 Problem, people think drugs can
solve all problems
 Medicines are drugs that are
used to treat or prevent diseases
or other conditions.
 Drugs are substances other than
food that changes the structure
or function of the body or mind.
All medicines are drugs, but not all
drugs are medicines!
Medicines that treat or prevent illnesses:
Help prevent disease (vaccines)
Fight pathogens (antibiotics, antivirals, etc)
Relieve pain and other symptoms (analgesics)
Manage chronic conditions, restore health, and
regulates body’s systems
(allergy, asthma, antidepressant,
cancer, etc.)
7 Categories of Drugs:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Natural Remedies
OTC (Over the counter)
Prescription
Tobacco Products
Alcohol
Illegal
Unrecognized (caffeine or inhalants)
What message do we receive from
drug advertising?
Effects of drugs on the body
Medicines can be delivered to the
body in many ways:
Oral (by mouth tablets, capsules, liquids)
Topical (applied to the skin – lotion, patch)
Inhaled (mist or powder – asthma)
The fastest way medicine is taken for
the body to respond is? INJECTION (shots)
Reactions to
medications
- Side effects – reactions to medicine other than the
one intended
Medicine Interactions
- Additive interaction – occurs when medicines work
together in a positive way
- Synergistic effect – the interaction of two or more
medicines that results in a greater effect
- Antagonistic interaction – occurs when the effect of
one medicine is canceled or reduced when taken with
another medicine or drug.
People take drugs in 3 different
ways:
Drug Use
Taking medicine properly and its
correct dosage
Example: following directions from
your Dr.’s prescription
Drug Misuse
Using a medicine in ways other than
the intended use.
Examples:
Taking the wrong amount (directions)
Taking twice as much to make you feel
better
Stop taking it too soon
Taking medicine prescribed to someone
else
Drug Abuse
Intentional taking medication for
nonmedical reasons
Examples:
Taking a medicine that is legal to get high
or drunk
Using it to lose weight
Using illegal drugs
Over-the-counter – medicines you
can buy without a doctor’s
prescription
Common OTC analgesic medicine:
1. Aspirin - Bayer
2. Acetaminophen – Tylenol or Midol
3. Ibuprofen – Advil or Motrin
4. Naproxen sodium - Aleve
* Some OTC medicines are controlled
Example of an OTC controlled?
Cold medications that contains an
ingredient pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine must be kept behind the
pharmacy counter.
These medications are used to make highly
addictive, illegal drugs - METH
Reye’s Syndrome
A serious disease that can lead to
stomach irritation and bleeding by the
use of ASPIRIN
Common in children and adolescents
Do not use when you have chicken
pox or the flu
• medicines that are dispensed only with the
written approval of a licensed physician or nurse
practitioner.
•A prescription always has a required dose
What is dose? The exact amount of a drug.
- Taken only by the person whose name appears
on the label
• Taking a drug is safest when it is taken as
prescribed!
• Many prescribed drugs can lead to misuse or
abuse.
Other Drug Abuse
Illicit Drug Use?
(S-U-P)
 selling, using or purchasing of any
substance that is legal/illegal or otherwise
not permitted
A sign of drug abuse is Dilated Pupils
 A sense of great well being and pleasure brought
on by some drugs, also called the “HIGH”
Euphoria
How drugs affect your
health
Physically
 Overdose: a serious, sometime fatal reaction to a large
dose of a drug
Mentally
 Flashback: an unexpected return to an unpleasant LSD
experience, often months after the original experiences
ended.
Builds a tolerance
Causes psychological/physiological dependence
 Addiction: a psychological/physiological dependence of a
drug
Psychoactive drugs
Psychoactive Drugs: chemicals that affect
the CNS and alter activity in the brain
Stimulants
Depressants
Opiates (narcotics)
Hallucinogens
Marijuana
Inhalants
Steroids
drugs that speed up the CNS.
1. Cocaine – seizure/death
Heart
No medical use
2. Crack – 5-10 x stronger than cocaine
3. Amphetamine – decrease appetite
used for weight control
4. Methamphetamine – addiction also know as METH
or speed
Very Dangerous
Brain
known as a sedative, drugs that tend to slow the CNS.
1. Tranquilizers – dizziness - fever
2. GHB – loss of consciousness
date rape drug
3. Rohypnol (roofies) – memory loss
date rape drug
4. Barbiturates – respiratory function
largest group of sedatives
Drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that
are obtainable only by prescription and are used to
relieve pain.
1. Heroin – coma or death
derived from poppy
flower – opium
2. Morphine – addiction
relieves pain
3. Codeine – reduced respiratory function
4. Oxycodone (OxyContin) – drowsiness
Poppy
Shrooms
Drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and scene perception,
including vision, hearing, smell and touch.
1. PCP – aggression
Most dangerous
2. LSD – numbness
Most potent
3. Mescaline – Produces imaginary visions
4.
Brain
Distorts perceptions of time and distance.
1. Marijuana – illegal
THC is the psychoactive
ingredient
an all-arounder drug
delta -9
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Huffing household products.
1. Household products – such as glue, gasoline,
nail polish remover, lighter fluid, aerosols, bleach,
spray paint, etc.
legal products for use
Explosion
Synthetic drug that are similar in chemistry to
certain illegal drugs.
1. GHB – illegal
“Date Rape” choice
2. Rohypnol – illegal
3. Ketamine – illegal
also used for a tranquilizer
Psychedelic anesthetic
90% used anesthetic for animals
4. Ecstasy – illegal
Rave party drug (the “X” pill)
or MDMA = 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Drugs used for increase of physical appearance or
performance.
STEROIDS for medical use
1. Anabolic – legal
1. Estrogenic – legal
male hormone
female hormone