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 The Age of Discovery and
Exploration began in the late
15th century when the
Europeans began to explore
and conquer new lands.
 Ferdinand Magellan, a
Portuguese explorer discovered
a new route to the East by
sailing westward that eventually
led him and his men to discover
the Philippines
 Moluccas which was referred to
as “Spice Island "was supposed
to be the destination of his
expedition
 Ferdinand Magellan arrived in
the Philippines in 1521
The first Spanish explorer who succeeded in
establishing colonialism in the Philippines was
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
In 1565, Miguel Lopez de
Legazpi concluded
treaties of friendship with
the native chiefs or what
we called the datus.
Spain’s primary aim and
intention in the Philippines
was to spread their religion
the Roman Catholicism
The
ALCADIA
was led
by the
Alcalde
Mayor
 Highest government
position that a Filipino
can occupy during
Spanish times
 Main duties :
Efficient governance
Tax Collection
Encomienda System
 As part of the Spanish economic policies during the start of colonization,
the encomienda system was employed by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi to
organize the new Spanish colony (Philippines).
 The word encomienda comes from the Spanish word encomendar which
means "to entrust".
 Under the encomienda system, the native inhabitants in a given
geographic region were entrusted to an encomendero or trustee as a
reward for his service to the Spanish Crown. This system was not a land
tenure. The encomendero had specific responsibilities such as, to protect
and to educate the natives in reading, writing and Catholic doctrines.
 In return, the encomendero was authorized to collect tribute from the
natives and to recruit workers for the polos y servicios (forced labor).
The encomendero also had no political authority or jurisdiction over the
Filipinos but he could be appointed to a post in the colonial government.