Download Respiratory System

Respiratory System
Casey, Ryan, Esdras, Kaitlyn
Respiratory System
The respiratory system is the set of organs that
allow a person to breathe and exchange oxygen and
carbon dioxide throughout the body.Examples of
respiratory system components are the nose,
mouth, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes and
lungs.
Mouth
The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract. Digestion starts here when you
take your first bit of food, chewing breaks down the food into pieces that are more
easily digested, while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down
into a form you body can absorb and use.
Nose
The nose is the body's primary organ of smell and also functions as part of the body's
respiratory system. Air comes into the body through the nose. As it passes over the specialized
cells of the olfactory system, the brain recognizes and identifies smells. Hairs in the nose clean
the air of foreign particles.
Pharynx
The pharynx is commonly known as the
throat. Air that is inhaled enters the
pharynx, where it goes down into the
larynx through a diversion from the
epiglottis. The pharynx is used for
swallowing food as well as breathing and
the epiglottis makes sure that air can
pass into the trachea, and that food
enters the esophagus.
Larynx
The Larynx is also known as the voice
box. Aside from allowing us to speak, the
larynx also acts as a defense mechanism.
If any food passes into the esophagus
when swallowing, the larynx produces a
strong cough reflex.
Trachea
The Trachea is also known as the
windpipe. The main function of the
trachea is to provide a clear airway for
air to enter and exit the lungs. Inside the
trachea there are small hairs along the
inner walls. These hairs catch dust and
other contaminants from inhaled air,
which are later cleared out through
coughing.
Bronchi
The bronchi are two tubes stemming off of the
end of the trachea. Each tube is connected to a
lung. Bronchi are the main passageway into the
lungs. When someone takes a breath through
their nose or mouth, the air travels into the
larynx, through the trachea, which carries the
air to the left and right bronchus. The bronchi
become smaller the closer they get to the lung
tissue and are then considered bronchioles.
Bronchioles
Tertiary bronchi divide to even
smaller, narrower tubes known as
bronchioles. As the airway passages
make their way out to the lung tissue,
the passages become smaller and are
referred to as bronchioles.
Alveoli
Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide takes place in the alveoli. Oxygen
from the inhaled air diffuses through the
walls of the alveoli and adjacent
capillaries into the red blood cells. The
oxygen is then carried by the blood to the
body tissues.
Check for Understanding
Mouth, Nose, and Throat Cancer
Cancers of the mouth, nose, and throat develop in almost 60,000
people in the United States each year. These cancers are more common
among men, but the number of affected women is rising because
smoking has increased among women.
Pharyngitis
This disease is the inflammation of the pharynx but is more commonly known as a
sore throat. This condition is caused due to an increased number of bacteria, viruses,
and other pathogens in the throat. A person suffering from this condition is most
likely to have symptoms such as swelling or redness in throat, fever, muscle aches,
cough, earaches, or difficulty swallowing. There are acute and chronic levels of this
illness. Viruses are more commonly responsible for causing acute pharyngitis while
exposure to environmental irritants or allergenic substances make you susceptible to
chronic pharyngitis. 90% of sore throats in adults and 60-75% in children are
caused by viruses. With it being so common it results in over 15 million physician
office visits each year.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the most common
conditions that make up COPD. Damage to the lungs from COPD
can't be reversed.
Symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, or a chronic
cough.
Rescue inhalers and inhaled or oral steroids can help control
symptoms and minimize further damage.
This disease is very common and over 3 million people in America
get this disease every year.
COPD GRAPH
Lung Cancer
❏
Two Type of Lung Cancer
❏
Non-small cell lung cancer
❏
A group of lung cancers that behave similarly, such as squamous cell carcinoma and
adenocarcinoma.
❏
Symptoms: include cough (often with blood), chest pain, wheezing, and weight
loss. These symptoms often don't appear until the cancer is advanced.
❏
❏
Treatments: include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
Small cell lung cancer
❏
This aggressive form of lung cancer most commonly occurs in smokers. It usually starts
in the breathing tubes (bronchi) and grows very quickly, creating large tumors and
spreading (metastasizing) throughout the body.
Statistics
Non-small cell lung cancer is
common, but not severe.
Small cell lung cancer is rare and it’s worse
than non-small cell lung cancer.
Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1YtXc_84A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHZsvBdUC2I
Worksheet/ Activities
Use the clues in your guided
notes and the word bank to
label the diagram.
Add the Larynx and the
Epiglottis
Works cited
http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/Anatomy-of-Respiratory-System.html
http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/bronchi
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology/The_respiratory_system
http://www.healthline.com/health/pharyngitis#Overview1
https://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/lecture/uriphyn.h
tm
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology/The_respiratory_system
http://www.healthline.com/health/pharyngitis