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The Civil War (1861-1865)
Key People of the War
Jefferson Davis
• President of the Confederate
States of America
• West Point graduate
• Served in Mexican War
• Former Secretary of War
• Respected for honor and
courage
• Did not like to turn over details
of military planning, so spent
much time arguing with
advisers
Abraham Lincoln
• President of the U.S.
• Did not have much
experience in national
politics or military
matters, but proved to be
a patient but strong
leader and a fine war
planner
• Liked for his sense of
humor
• Gained the respect of
those around him
Robert E. Lee
 Commander of the Confederate
Army
 A Virginian plantation owner
 West Point graduate
 Arrested John Brown during the
Raid of Harper’s Ferry.
 Lincoln offered him the position as
commander of the Union Army, but
he refused the position.
General Ulysses S. Grant
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General of the Union Army
Graduate of West Point
Fought in Mexican War
Wrote terms of Surrender to
prevent treason trials of
Confederate Leaders
• Later became the 18th President
of the United States
After General
George McClellan
failed to act on his
information about
Lee’s plans at
Antietam, Lincoln
decided he needed
a change in
leadership of the
Army of the
Potomac.
Lincoln brought in
General Ambrose
Burnside to replace
McClellan.
Confederate General “Stonewall” Jackson. In May of 1863, Lee and
Jackson’s forces would get another victory, at the Battle of
Chancellorsville. But it would come at a high cost. During the battle,
nervous Confederate soldiers fired at what they thought was an
approaching Union soldier, but turned out to be “Stonewall” Jackson.
Jackson would die from his injuries days later.
General Philip Sheridan
General William Tecumseh Sherman
Goal was to head to the fertile farm
land of the Shenandoah Valley in
Virginia.
Goal was to head to Atlanta, Georgia and then
onto the Atlantic Ocean.
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment is the most famous of the African
American regiments. They accepted African Americans from across the
North, with Frederick Douglass helping to recruit troops, including two
of his sons. On July 18, 1863, they led an attack on Fort Wagner, near
Charleston, South Carolina.
Sergeant William Carney
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The first of 16 African
American soldiers to win the
Congressional Medal of
Honor in the Civil War.
Born as a slave in Virginia.
Secretary of War Edwin
Stanton told Lincoln that
such soldiers had “proved
themselves among the
bravest of the brave.”
Philip Bazaar
•A Chilean immigrant
•Lived in Massachusetts
•U.S. Navy during Civil War
•Awarded the Congressional
Medal of Honor for bravery
Henry Clay
•A “War Hawk”
•Involved in the “Corrupt
Bargain”, helping Adams
become President
•The “Great Compromiser”
•Wrote Missouri Compromise
and Compromise of 1850
•Ran for US President 3 times
but never was elected
Daniel Webster
•Leader of Federalist Party
•Lawyer for the Gibbons v.
Ogden and McCulloch v.
Maryland court cases.
•Believed in federal sovereignty
– said “Liberty and Union now
and forever, one and
inseparable.”
John C. Calhoun
• Senator from South Carolina
• Vice President of US under
John Q. Adams and Andrew
Jackson
• Believed in States’ Rights and
Nullification
Clara Barton
Clara Barton
Clara Barton
Clara Barton established an
agency to obtain and distribute
supplies to wounded soldiers.
She obtained permission to
travel behind the lines, and
saw some of the grimmest
battlefields of the war.
She founded the American
Red Cross
Other Key People of the Civil War
Key Person ( Date/
Location)
Role in the War
Historical Significance