Download NOTES Portuguese Exploration - Monmouth Regional High School

HONORS World
NOTES- ch 18: Portuguese Exploration
Prince Henry (aka Prince Henry the Navigator)
 Portuguese Prince who was not ever going to rule Portugal
o Extremely religious (Catholic)
o Very interested in exploration and navigation
 Europeans were looking for a cheaper way to obtain goods from the East, especially from the Spice Islands
(present-day Moluccas, part of the Indonesian Island Chain)
o They did not want to pay the Ottomans to be the merchants of trade anymore
 1419: founded a navigation school for mapmakers, instrument makers, shipbuilders, scientists, and sea
captains in Portugal
o Henry wanted to bring glory to Portugal
 Spread the Catholic faith
 Find a direct sea route to Asia
 By his death, Portugal had established trade ports along the Western coast of Africa and become the leaders
in European exploration
Bartolomeu Dias
 1488: reached the tip of Africa before bad weather and his crew forced the ship to return to Portugal.
Vasco de Gama
 1497: began exploring the eastern coast of Africa
 1498: reached Calicut, India
 ***GAVE PORTUGAL A DIRECT SEA ROUTE TO ASIA***
Ferdinand Magellan
 Studied mapmaking and navigation at Queen Leonora’s School of Pages in Lisbon, Portugal
 1505- joined a Portuguese fleet that was sailing to East Africa
 1509- Battle of Diu
o Portuguese destroyed Egyptian ships in the Arabian Sea
 1511- Helped capture the port of Malacca (present-day Malaysia)
 1519- Set sail to find a water access to the Spice Islands by sailing West (like Columbus)
o 1521- Magellan was killed in the Philippines
o 1522- Magellan’s ship returned to Spain
 *** FIRST CREW TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE GLOBE IN A SINGLE JOURNEY (go completely
around) ***
Importance of Portuguese Exploration
 Portugal learned from previous civilizations who had led successful voyages of exploration
o Chinese (Zheng He)
o Islamic Civilizations
 Portugal also used technology that had been developed by previous civilizations
o Compass
o Astrolabe
o Sails/Boat designs
 Portuguese established settlements along the Western and Eastern Coasts of Africa
 Portuguese were the first explorers to circumnavigate the world
 Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a direct sea route to Asia
 Portuguese inspired other European nations to set up expeditions of exploration
o Spain
o England
o Netherlands (the Dutch)
o France