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Download Section 4-2 What gives metals their distinctive properties?
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Section 4-2 What gives metals their distinctive properties? Characteristics of Metals • Elements that are shiny, malleable, ductile and good conductors of heat and electricity – Malleable – hammered or rolled into sheets – Ductile – can be drawn into wires • The properties of metal depend on the unique configuration of electrons, protons, and neutrons • Alloy – a solid or liquid solution of two or more metals – brass – Steel More on Metals • Atoms of metal usually have three electrons in their outermost energy level • Metallic Bonding – positively charged metallic ions are surrounded by a sea of electrons Crystals • Crystals – a substance in which the atoms or molecules are arranged in an orderly geometric, repeating pattern • The outer electrons in atoms bind together in a crystal – These electrons are in orbitals – Electrons in the higher orbitals are free to move throughout the crystal this forms the conduction band The Conduction Band • A band in which electrons must move to allow electrical conduction – Similar to the sea of electrons Metals Metalloids (Semiconductors) Nonmetals The Structure of Metallic Crystals • Atoms pack together in the densest fashion – Think of it as fruits in a basket
