Download Peloponnesian War

Peloponnesian Wars
Athens vs. Sparta
• Tensions building b/w
2 CS
• 431 BC --> War
– Athens - Navy
– Sparta - Army
• Sparta sieges Athens
• War on and off for
while
Athenian Disasters
• Plague --> Killed
1/3 to 1/2 pop
• 413 BC - Navy
routed by
Syracuse Spartan Ally
• Tyrant takes over
• 404 BC - Athens
Surrenders
Results
• Athens loses empire, power and wealth
• Faith in democracy falters
• Greece assembly inconsistent
– Series of bad leaders
Philosophers
Philosophers
• Search for truth
• Uncertainty - Rise of great thinkers
• “Lovers of Wisdom”
Philosophers
• Based thinking on 2 assumptions
Universe is ordered in a certain way &
subject to unchanging laws
People can understand laws through
logic and reason
Socrates
• Encouraged Greeks to
question selves and
morals
• Socratic Method - Series
of leading q’s
• Some admired --> most
couldn’t understand
Trial of Socrates
• Corrupting
youth
• Atheism
• Challenged
democracy
• Result Guilty, death
penalty
Plato
• Wrote “The Republic” - Idea of perfect
society
• All citizens in 3 classes
– Farmers and artisans
– War
– Ruling
Plato
• Philosopher-King chosen from ruling class
• Academy - Found school in Athens
Aristotle
• Student of Academy
• Q’ed nature of world and human belief and
knowledge
• Summarized all knowledge up to a point
Aristotle
• Worked in…
Philosophy, bio,
physics, debate
• Tutored
Alexander, Prince
of Macedonia