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Life Science Warmup Compare and Contrast 1) Mitosis vs. Meiosis 2) Heterotroph vs. Autotroph 3) Unicellular vs. Multicellular 4) Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote October 4th, 2010 Short Answer Strategy Goals: 1) Answer the question. 2) Demonstrate additional related knowledge. 3) Demonstrate deep understanding by connecting ideas together in an organized fashion. Brainstorm and list ideas. Organize into an outline. Write. Check against brainstorm list and outline. Include a diagram or graph if possible. Practice Question 1 How do DNA, mRNA, and tRNA get used in protein construction? Practice Answer 1 The first step in producing a protein is to make a copy (called mRNA) of the information stored in DNA. To do this, the two strands of DNA separate from each other, and each nucleic acid is attached to its opposite. C attaches to G, A attaches to U (mRNA) or T (DNA). Each set of three pieces is called a codon, and is enough information to identify an amino acid. The whole set of codons for a complete protein is a gene. When the mRNA copy is complete, the DNA re-attaches its two strands. The second step in producing a protein is to move the mRNA through the cell towards the ribosome. Practice Question 2 How are the organelles of a cell like different parts of a factory? Practice Question 3 Explain and diagram how a cell reproduces. Practice Question 4 In what situations would a cell use the different kinds of transport? Practice Question 5 What is the role of mitochondria in the cell, and why is this important? Use an analogy or metaphor to help explain your ideas. Practice Question 6 Why are multi-cellular organisms usually made of specialized cells, while unicellular organisms are always made of generalized cells?