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SECTORS OF CANADA’S ECONOMY CGC1D Four Categories of the Economy Primary -resource extraction (mining, fishing…) Secondary – manufacturing and construction (steelmaking, auto assembly…) Tertiary – services (school, hairdresser…) Quaternary – knowledge-based (scientific research, movie-making) Basic vs Non-Basic Industry Basic – products/services that bring $ from outside of the community (hotel) Non-Basic – brings $ from within the community (grocery store) Economic Base Individual communities Regions Provinces Countries FISHING Renewable Resources Resources that replaces itself unless poorly managed Commercial fishing – east coast, west coast, large freshwater lakes Three types of fish: Groundfish (bottom feeders – cod, sole) Pelagic fish (open-water feeders –salmon, tuna) Shellfish (oysters, shrimp) The East Coast Fishery Crisis Used to be one of the world’s great fishing grounds. Wide continental shelf and banks Map Pg. 281 (Fig. 23-5) 1980’s – fish populations went down rapidly mostly from over-fishing Number of fish being harvested outnumbered those reaching maturity in a year (sustained yield management) Collapse Factors Overfishing Improved Fishing Technology – help locate school of fish faster, new netting to catch more fish Uncontrolled Foreign Fishing Destructive Fishing Practices – trawling = attempt to catch one kind of fish while other types were thrown away Changes in Natural Conditions – water temp has dropped and salinity has fluctuated, more predators (seals) The Partial Collapse of the West Coast Fishery Salmon (coho, chum, pink, spring, sockeye), herring, halibut, cod, crab, tuna, shrimp, oysters. Warned by the outcome of the East Coast fishery experience Overfishing Changes in the Environment – climate change/warmer water Lack of Salmon Fishing Treaty – Canada vs USA Challenges to the West Coast Fishery First nations – demand for salmon growing (food and ceremonial purposes) Sport Fishing – bigger economic benefit Commercial Fishing Freshwater Fishery Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, Great Slave Lake… Whitefish, perch, pickerel, trout Sport fishing more important than commercial fishing