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The
Biosphere
is all life on Earth.
It is made up of
the organisms in
the lithosphere,
the atmosphere,
the hydrosphere,
and the ecosphere
Biodiversity
biological
diversity in an
environment as
indicated by
numbers of
different species
of plants and
animals
What is genetic
variation?
Describes
naturallyoccurring
differences
between
individuals in
the same
species
Biodiversity
includes
Mutations
within
ecosystems that
make up the
biosphere.
• Pigeons with genetic
variations
o
Biotic Factors
a living
component of
an ecosystem;
for example
organisms, such
as plants and
animals.
Abiotic
Factors
are non-living
chemical and
physical
factors in the
environment
which affect
ecosystems.
Examples of Abiotic
Factors
Water, light,
wind, soil,
humidity,
minerals,
gases.
Examples of
Biotic Factors
All living things
— autotrophs
and heterotrophs
— plants,
animals, fungi,
bacteria.
Carrying Capacity
the maximum
population size of
the species that the
environment can
sustain indefinitely,
given the food,
habitat, water, and
other necessities
available in the
environment.
Examples of Carrying
Capacity
Fluctuations in Carrying
Capacity
Human
Population
Growth
The effects of
growth are:
Habitat alteration
Introduction of
invasive species,
Pollution,
& overharvesting
Overharvesting
means taking more
from the land (or
sea) than it can
replace. Extreme
farming, grazing,
fishing, over-using
water, is very
harmful in the long
term.
Invasive Species
Examples are
Kudzu &
Fire ants
Traditional
Agriculture
farming that uses a
lot of machinery,
labor, chemicals, etc.
in order to grow as
many crops or keep
as many animals as
possible on the
amount of land
available
Sustainable Agriculture