Download Anatomy Test Review

Anatomy
Test Review
Part 1
1
A boy jumps into a cold swimming pool and his
body temperature goes down. His muscles,
blood vessels, and nervous system work together
to restore his body temperature. Which term
best describes this process?
A.
homeostasis
B.
hypothermia
C.
reflex
D.
respiration
2
Examining a bone marrow sample could
help a doctor diagnose problems with
which of the following?
A.
sense of balance
B.
speed of reflexes
C.
production of blood cells
D.
filtering of wastes from blood
3
What is the primary role of the stomach in the
human digestive system?
A.
producing specialized salts that absorb fats
B.
absorbing water and minerals from
undigested food
C.
using muscle movements and enzymes to
break down food
D.
transferring nutrients from digested food to
the bloodstream
4
Hepatitis is a disease of the liver. Which of the
following happens as a result of decreased liver
function?
A.
Carbon dioxide builds up in the liver.
B.
Toxic compounds build up in the blood.
C.
The kidneys take over the functions of the liver.
D.
The stomach produces the enzymes needed
for digestion
5
The digestive system of most birds includes a
structure called the gizzard. The gizzard crushes
and grinds food, often with the help of small
stones that the bird has swallowed.
Which of the following structures in the human
digestive system has a function most similar to
that of a bird’s gizzard?
A. esophagus
B. large intestine
C. small intestine
D. teeth
6
Which term describes the maintenance of a
steady internal state in the body?
A.
gametogenesis
B.
homeostasis
C.
mitosis
D.
respiration
7
Crohn’s disease causes inflammation of the
digestive tract, particularly the small intestine.
Inflammation of the small intestine would directly
interfere with which of the following digestive
functions?
A.
liquefying food
B.
reabsorbing water
C.
absorbing nutrients
D.
moving food to the stomach
8
In which part of the human digestive system
do both physical breakdown and chemical
breakdown of food first begin?
A.
esophagus
B.
mouth
C.
large intestine
D.
small intestine
9
Joints are most important for which of the
following functions of the human skeletal system?
A.
protection
B.
movement
C.
storage of minerals
D.
blood cell formation
10
A person who is cold shivers to generate body
heat. Which of the following lists the primary body
systems that interact to maintain homeostasis in this
situation?
A.
nervous, excretory, and respiratory
B.
excretory, digestive, and respiratory
C.
digestive, muscular, and circulatory
D.
muscular, circulatory, and nervous
11
In which of the following ways does perspiring
help the body to maintain homeostasis?
A.
by decreasing body temperature
B.
by increasing blood sugar levels
C.
by increasing the amount of fluid in the
body
D.
by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide
in cells
12
Which of the following is a body system response
that adjusts body temperature when it is higher
than normal?
A.
Breathing rate begins to decrease.
B.
Blood vessels near the skin constrict.
C.
Sweat glands produce and secrete sweat.
D.
Hormones increase the metabolic rate of
the liver.
13
Heartburn is pain that occurs when acidic gastric
juice is forced out of the upper end of the
stomach. In which of the following organs does a
person experience heartburn?
A.
pancreas
B.
esophagus
C.
small intestine
D.
large intestine
14
What is the name of the connective tissue that
joins skeletal muscle to bones?
A.
cartilage
B.
ligaments
C.
neurons
D.
tendons
15
A diagram of a body system is
shown
Which of the following is a primary
function of this system?
A. maintaining body temperature
B. supporting the weight of the
body
C. filtering nitrogenous waste from
the blood
D. coordinating nervous responses
in the body
16
Which of the following is a function of the liver?
A.
removing toxic compounds from the
blood
B.
secreting digestive enzymes into the
stomach
C.
producing white blood cells to fight
infections
D.
converting food into smaller nutrient
molecules
17
What is the primary function of the
large intestine?
A.
to digest proteins
B.
to absorb nutrients
C.
to break down complex carbohydrates
D.
to remove water from waste
18
Which of the following is one of the functions of
the human skeleton?
A.
producing hormones
B.
bringing gases into the body
C.
removing waste from
the body
D.
providing a site for blood cell formation
19
Which of the following is the best example of an
organism maintaining homeostasis?
A.
a wolf panting after a chase
B.
a spider catching an insect in a web
C.
a cricket becoming infected by a virus
D.
a mole digging tunnels in the ground
20
What is the primary role of the stomach in
the human digestive system?
A. producing specialized salts that absorb
fats
B. absorbing water and minerals from
undigested food
C. using muscle movements and enzymes
to break down food
D. transferring nutrients from digested food
to the bloodstream
21
Which of the following statements describes the
main purpose of digestion in the human body?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Digestion adds phosphate groups that can yield
energy when food reaches body cells.
Digestion supplies free oxygen, carbon, and
nitrogen atoms from food molecules for body
cells.
Digestion removes all bacteria and toxins before
food is absorbed into the blood and body cells
Digestion changes food molecules into smaller
molecules that can pass into the blood and be
used by body cells.
22.
Laboratory tests can be used to evaluate how well
a person’s liver is working. One test measures how
well the liver removes a substance called bilirubin
from the blood.
Based on this information, which of the following
describes bilirubin?
A. an antibody
B. an energy source
C. a vitamin
D. a waste product
23
 Which
of the following is NOT a type of
muscle
A. Smooth
B. Internal
C. Cardiac
D. Skeletal
24.
Which of the following is the best example of
homeostasis in the human body?
A. the secretions from oil glands in the skin decrease as
a person ages.
B. Opposite muscles are used to bend and extend a
person’s arm at the elbow joint.
C. The villi of the small intestine increase the absorption
of nutrients from the small intestine into the blood.
D. More growth hormone is released from the pituitary
gland when the level of growth hormone in the blood
falls too low.
25.
The vertebrae and cartilaginous discs of the
spine are parts of which body system?
A. circulatory system
B. excretory system
C. muscular system
D. skeletal system
26.
 Which
of the following statements is
INCORRECT?
A. Skeletal muscle is voluntary
B. Cardiac muscle is involuntary
C. Smooth and Cardiac muscles are
voluntary
D. Cardiac and Smooth muscles are
involuntary
27.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #1?
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Appendix
Salivary gland
1
28.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #2?
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Appendix
Salivary gland
2
29.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #3?
Small Intestine
Liver
Large Intestine
Rectum
3
30.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #4?
Small intestine
Lung
Stomach
Liver
4
31.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #5?
Small intestine
Lung
Stomach
Liver
5
32.
 What
A.
B.
C.
D.
is #6?
Esophagus
Appendix
Stomach
Liver
6
33.
What is Peristalsis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
When you liver cannot function and the
pancreas takes over the job of filtering toxins
from the bloodstream.
Series of involuntary wave-like muscle
contractions which move food along the
digestive tract
The process of creating bile to break down
fats in the digestion system
The term for both mechanical and chemical
digestion in the digestive system.
34.
The illustrations show a smooth muscle cell and a
skeletal muscle cell.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Identify one location where smooth muscle is
found in the human body and whether smooth
muscle is under voluntary or involuntary control.
Identify one location where skeletal muscle is
found in the human body and whether skeletal
muscle is under voluntary or involuntary control.
The third type of muscle in the human body is
cardiac muscle.
Identify whether cardiac muscle is more similar to
smooth muscle or skeletal muscle. Provide two
reasons to support your answer.