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Greek City-States Chapter 5 Section 2 Greek City-States Around 750 B.C., rise of city-states. City-states, or POLIS, was the fundamental political unit in Ancient Greece. o It was an independent self-governing city. Polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside. Government Structures Some city-states were ruled by: Monarchy --rule by Monarchs (Kings). Aristocracy-- rule by a small group of noble, land-owning families (i.e. Athens) Oligarchy-- rule by a few powerful people (i.e. Sparta) Sparta Sparta was built a military state. Two groups governed Sparta. o Assembly o Council of Elders Spartan Education o Boys daily life centered around military training. At birth they were determined fit or weak. If weak, they were abandoned. At age 7 left home and trained to be a soldier. 20 - became soldiers 30 - they could marry but Sparta and the army were still first priority. 60 - retired. Girls were active (They ran and played sports.) Women managed the family estates while their husbands served the Polis. Athens Located in Eastern Greece, North of Sparta. Athenian reformers created DEMOCRACY, rule by the people. Athenians were always eager to learn new ideas Athenian Education Only the sons of wealthy families received formal education. Schooling began around the age of 7 and mostly prepared boys to be good citizens. Girls were educated at home by their mothers Purpose was to raise good Wives and Mothers.