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Energy Flow Through Ecosystem Food Web Food Chains Trophic Levels What is energy? The All ability to do work. living things need energy to survive. Why is energy important to an ecosystem? All organisms require energy for growth, maintenance, reproduction, locomotion, etc.. For all organisms there must be: 1. A source of energy 2. A loss of usable energy What is the ultimate source of all energy in any ecosystem? The SUN Without it, the most basic forms of life would not exist What are producers? Organisms that make their own food by capturing energy from the sun. Lowest part of the cycle Also called autotrophs EX: Plants, green algae, some bacteria How do some organisms make their own food? Photosynthesis is the process that organisms use to make their food from the sun’s light. What are consumers? Consumers are organisms that feed on other organisms. Cannot acquire energy from the sun Energy flows from sun to organism to organism Also called heterotrophs Types of heterotrophs Different • • • • • types of heterotrophs: Herbivores - Vegetation Omnivores - Meat and Vegetation Carnivores – Meat Scavengers – meat and decaying meat Detritivores - Decaying organic matter What is a primary consumer? A primary consumer is an organism that eats the producer. Like a rabbit that eats a carrot. Also called Herbivores – only eats plants What are secondary consumers? Organisms that feed on primary consumers are secondary consumers. Also called Carnivores Ex. A wolf that eats a rabbit Consumers can be further divided into groups: quaternary consumer (top) tertiary consumer secondary consumer Primary consumer The last consumer in a chain, which is not usually eaten by any other consumer, is often referred to as the top consumer. What are decomposers? organisms that feed on dead organism, break them down into simple nutrients or fertilizers. Also called Detritivores EX: fungi and bacteria
