Download Core example Britain and South Africa

The British Imperialism of South Africa
By: Nick Juliano
Core 1
Core 2
Motives and Methods of
Imperialism
Impact and Outcomes of
Imperialism
Motives
Economic
Exploratory
Ideological
Economic Motives
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There were several opportunities for economic
growth in South Africa. In order to expand their
global markets and trade, Britain took advantage of
South Africa's immense wealth in minerals such as
chrome & platinum, gold which was discovered in
1886 and diamonds which were discovered in
1867. They wanted to control the mines and the
laborers who worked them.
Exploratory
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Britain was attracted to South Africa because it
was a favorable settlement location due to its
temperate climate.
Ideological
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England believed that they were superior to all
other nations and felt that they had the authority to
take over South Africa, thus practicing Social
Darwinism. They wanted to spread the English
language and further educate natives of the English
culture. They wanted to civilize the natives by their
own dominant laws and to establish infrastructure
for the country.
Methods of Imperialism
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Britain acquired the Suez Canal in 1875 and maintained
defense forces to control the eastern trade routes.
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Initiated Apartheid (Legal separation of races).
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Weakened the Boer Republics.
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Excluded blacks from political participation.
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Took advantage of the helpless conditions of South Africa
to convince them that all British relations were for the
better.
Instituted a “Closed-Compound” work system which
entailed all laborers especially miners to long and heavily
supervised working conditions.
Methods of Imperialism
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Boer Republics were once independent self governed
communities of South Africa.
Over 28,000 Boers were captured and sent to concentration
camps.
Boer farms were destroyed by the British under their "Scorched
Earth" policy.
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Systematic destruction of crops.
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Slaughtering of livestock.
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Burning down homesteads and farms.
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Poisoning wells and salting fields.
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Prevented the Boers from resupplying and made them rely on
the British for survival.
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Video
http://www.learner.org/courses/worldhistory/unit_v
ideo_20-2.html?pop=yes&pid=2163#
Watch from 6:04 to 7:00
This segment goes into greater depth of why Great
Britain wanted to control South African mines and
it’s impact on the current labor force.
Primary Source
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Source
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Explanation
The Black Man's Burden
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Pile on the Black Man’s Burden.
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'Tis nearest at your door;
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Why heed long bleeding Cuba,
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or dark Hawaii’s shore?
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Hail ye your fearless armies,
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Which menace feeble folks
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Who fight with clubs and arrows
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and brook your rifle’s smoke.
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Pile on the Black Man’s Burden
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His wail with laughter drown
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You’ve sealed the Red Man’s problem
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And will take up the Brown,
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In vain ye seek to end it,
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With bullets, blood or death
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Better by far defend it
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With honor’s holy breath.
H.T Johnson (Author)
Explanation
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The Black Man's Burden is a poem written by H.T.
Johnson. He explains how Africans are assumed
racially inferior to other races and they face the
burden of being looked upon as so. Despite their
lack of state of the art equipment, even if they
wield merely clubs and arrows they will rise to the
challenge of their opponents with stronger artillery
to defend the honor of themselves and their
country.
Gaining Independence
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South Africa gained their independence over the
course of numerous stages.
Union of South Africa
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On May 31st, 1910, South Africa was unified with
4 previously separate British colonies (Cape, Natal,
Transvaal, and Orange River.) It was founded as a
dominion of the British Empire and governed
under the form of a constitutional monarchy.
Status of the Union Act
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During 1934, the British Parliament declared the
Union of South Africa to be a “sovereign
independent state.” It removed any remaining
power of Parliament to control South Africa and
ended the constitutional monarchy.
South African Constitution
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The Republic of South Africa Constitution Act of
1961 was when South Africa became a republic.
From this point forward they were known as the
Republic of South Africa. However, at this time
blacks were still excluded from political
participation.
Freedom!
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During the year of 1994, Nelson Mandela led a
movement of Africans who felt betrayed to not
have a say in governmental matters. Eventually,
South Africa's presidential elections were for the
first time multi-racial, and Nelson Mandela became
the president of South Africa from 1994-1999.
South America Today
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President is Jacob Zuma.
World's largest producer if platinum, gold and
chromium.
Close to 25% of the population is unemployed
0.45% population growth rate. 19 births per 1,000
people.
50.43 year male life expectancy, 48.51 year female
life expectancy.
English speakers.
Graph #1
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This graph shows the relation of life expectancy over time. At
first, citizens weren't expected to live long due to British
brutality. As independence came, it gradually rose. It begins
to decrease today because an epidemic of AIDS and malaria
is present.
Graph #2
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The HIV/AIDS syndrome is becoming an epidemic in South Africa. Because more
and more people are becoming diagnosed, it is negatively impacting the work
force and downgrading the economy. However Jacob Zuma has recently launched
a campaign to widely distribute ARVs which are medications to control this virus.