Download Dietary Manipulation

DIETARY MANIPULATION
•
To be able to explain how sporting activity can affect nutritional
requirements. (carbohydrate loading, protein intake, hydration)
•
To be state factors that affect optimum weight
•
To be able to explain how optimum weight varies according to role
in physical activity and sport
Starter Activity
radrhyetcbod
Clue: pasta, rice and bread are a good
source of this!!!
carbohydrate
Starter Activity
norptei
Clue: responsible for growth and repair.
protein
Starter Activity
elgsuco
Clue: combines with OXYGEN to create energy
glucose
Starter Activity
cminativ
Clue: helps prevent scurvy!
Vitamin C
Dietary Manipulation
Carbohydrate loading
Marathon runners and other
endurance athletes often use a
technique called carbohydrate
loading.
Result
• Combination of reduced training
and increased carbohydrate
intake results in an increase
stores of muscle glycogen.
• The increase allows endurance
athletes to exercise at their
optimum pace for longer
Why?
Body normally limits the amount
of carbohydrate that can be
stored, converting excess
carbohydrate into fat stores.
Carbohydrate Loading is a
method of dietary
manipulation to allow
performers to increase their
carbohydrate stores
1-4 days of exercise taper
(reduce the normal training
load) while eating a high
carbohydrate diet
This process is designed to trick the body into storing extra glycogen
Water
The human body is75%water
We lose2–3 litresa day through urine
, sweatand
breathing so this must be replaced
When exercising
the body loses even more water,
dehydration
increasing the risk of
Symptoms of dehydration: tiredness ,
lack of concentration and headaches
It is essential to keep taking a small
amount of fluid at regular intervals
during exercises to enable the body to
function properly
What are the symptoms of
Dehydration?
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1% Few symptoms or signs of any thirst.
2% Beginning to feel thirsty; loss of endurance capacity and
appetite.
3% Dry mouth; performance impaired.
4% Increased effort for exercise, impatience, apathy, vague
discomfort, loss of appetite.
5% Difficulty concentrating, increased pulse and breathing.
6–7% Impairment of temperature regulation, higher pulse and
breathing, flushed skin, sleepiness, tingling, stumbling,
headache.
8–9% Dizziness, laboured breathing, mental confusion, further
weakness.
10% Muscle spasms, loss of balance, swelling of tongue.
11% Heat exhaustion, delirium, stroke, difficulty swallowing;
death can occur.
Effect of dehydration on exercise
Dehydration is detrimental to sporting
performance. It can cause:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Increased heart rate (beats per minute)
Increased lactate acid in muscles
(increased blood acidity)
Increased body temperature
Nausea
Dizziness
Muscle cramp
Fatigue
Timing of protein intake
Power Athletes
During exercise, protein in the athletes
body will break down as a result of the
work the athlete is doing.
• In order for the muscles to repair after
training, during rest and recovery
athletes will take in protein to increase
protein synthesis
When?
Daily protein should be balanced across all three meals a day
1.2.1 Syllabus Objective
Students should be able to outline why,
and how, expected and optimum weight
varies according to height, gender, bone
structure and muscle girth, and explain
how this may affect participation, and
performance, in physical activity
SEX
The structure & physiology of men’s and women’s bodies.
Men have more muscle mass so have an advantage on
activities relying heavily on strength
Bone Structure
Some people have
bigger, denser bone
structure than others.
This can be an
advantage in
contact sports as the
athlete would be
able to withstand
physical contact
Factors affecting
optimum weight
Muscle Girth
This is the size or circumference of the
muscle. A larger circumference implies a
larger muscles.
Being the correct weight is important in
most sports, but particularly in the following
activities:
Horse Riding
Gymnastics
Boxing
Do you know why?
Height
The taller you
are the more
you would
expected to
weigh
Effect on performance
HEIGHT
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
Being tall can be an
advantage (e.g. high jump)
or a disadvantage (e.g.
gymnastics) depending on
which sport you play.
WEIGHT
• Being heavy can be an
advantage (e.g. sumo
wrestling) or a disadvantage
(e.g. jockey) depending on
which sport you play.
• Being light could be an
Being small could be an
advantage (e.g. a jockey) or
advantage (e.g. dancer) or a
a disadvantage (e.g.
disadvantage (e.g. rugby)
basketball) depending on
depending on which sport
which sport you play.
you play.
Performer
Height Weight at time
of competition
Classification
using
standard
tables
176cm 80kg
Overweight
187cm 90kg
Overweight
Look at the information in the table:
• Which performer is the lightest?
• What activity do they participate in?
• Consider the approximate weight and
guidance weight for each of the
performers. What do you notice? If the
weight is more than recommended,
what might be the cause of the extra
weight gain?
• If the weight is under that expected,
why might this be the case?
176cm 50kg
Underweight
183cm 115kg
Obese
• Can you see the link between weight
and activity? Why are those performers
considered to be the correct weight for
what they do?
• What does it tell you about using
standardised tables to judge whether
you are over or underweight?
One pupil starts to speak about the topic covered. At
the first repetition, pause or mistake another takes over
- and so on until the minute is up.
JUST A MINUTE