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Download What was the first battle of the Civil War? - Ms. Sims
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Transcript
Journal- What was the first battle of the Civil War? Who Won? What happened? Civil War Battles Names • Many battles have two names • North named battles after town nearest the battle • South named battles after rivers or creeks nearby • Examples – Bull Run(South) Manassas (North) – Shiloh(South) Pittsburg Landing (North) First Bull Run • First major battle of the Civil War • Also called First Battle of Manassas • Union troops marched on Richmond • Hoped to capture Confederate capital First Bull Run • Confederates met the Union north of Richmond • Stonewall Jackson gets his nickname for standing his position • Confederates defeat the Union to the surprise of everyone First Bull Run • Showed the war was going to be longer than expected • Also, more people would die than expected Shiloh • Battle in Shiloh, Tennessee • Union army advanced far into Tennessee • Confederate attacked the Union by surprise Shiloh • Union troops deflected attack on day two • Union would win the battle • Union lost more men than the Confederates Antietam • Fought in Sharpsburg, Maryland • First major battle to take place in the North • Single bloodiest day in American history • 23,000 casualties Antietam • Viewed a tactical draw • Neither side won • North viewed it as a victory • Allowed Abraham Lincoln to give Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation • Freed slaves in the 10 remaining Confederate states • Did not compensate owners • Did not give freed slaves citizenship • Did not outlaw slavery Vicksburg • Part of greater “Vicksburg Campaign” • Union besieged the Confederate garrison at Vicksburg, Mississippi • After 40 days Confederates surrender • Vicksburg garrison ran out of supplies Vicksburg • Union took control of the Mississippi • Split the Confederacy in two (east, west) • Viewed as Turning Point of Civil War Anaconda Plan • Created by Winfield Scott • Plan used by the North to “choke” the South • Called to blockade the Southern Ports • Move down the Mississippi Gettysburg • Confederates attack the Union in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania • Largest number of casualties in Civil War • Lee hoped bringing war to Northern states would encourage North to give up Gettysburg • North won the battle • Handed Lee his first official loss of war • Viewed as High Water Mark of the Confederacy • They would go no further north during the war Gettysburg Address • Given by Abraham Lincoln 4 months later • Commemorated dead soldiers • Redefined war as one for equality for all • One of the most famous speeches in history Turning Points • Vicksburg and Gettysburg were major Confederate defeats just days apart • Changed the balance of power in favor of the North
