Download What was the first battle of the Civil War? - Ms. Sims

Journal- What was the first battle of
the Civil War? Who Won? What
happened?
Civil War Battles
Names
• Many battles have two names
• North named battles after town nearest the
battle
• South named battles after rivers or creeks
nearby
• Examples
– Bull Run(South) Manassas (North)
– Shiloh(South) Pittsburg Landing (North)
First Bull Run
• First major battle of the
Civil War
• Also called First Battle
of Manassas
• Union troops marched
on Richmond
• Hoped to capture
Confederate capital
First Bull Run
• Confederates met the
Union north of
Richmond
• Stonewall Jackson gets
his nickname for
standing his position
• Confederates defeat the
Union to the surprise of
everyone
First Bull Run
• Showed the war was
going to be longer than
expected
• Also, more people
would die than
expected
Shiloh
• Battle in Shiloh,
Tennessee
• Union army advanced
far into Tennessee
• Confederate attacked
the Union by surprise
Shiloh
• Union troops deflected
attack on day two
• Union would win the
battle
• Union lost more men
than the Confederates
Antietam
• Fought in Sharpsburg,
Maryland
• First major battle to
take place in the North
• Single bloodiest day in
American history
• 23,000 casualties
Antietam
• Viewed a tactical draw
• Neither side won
• North viewed it as a
victory
• Allowed Abraham
Lincoln to give
Emancipation
Proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation
• Freed slaves in the 10
remaining Confederate
states
• Did not compensate
owners
• Did not give freed slaves
citizenship
• Did not outlaw slavery
Vicksburg
• Part of greater
“Vicksburg Campaign”
• Union besieged the
Confederate garrison at
Vicksburg, Mississippi
• After 40 days
Confederates surrender
• Vicksburg garrison ran
out of supplies
Vicksburg
• Union took control of
the Mississippi
• Split the Confederacy in
two (east, west)
• Viewed as Turning Point
of Civil War
Anaconda Plan
• Created by Winfield
Scott
• Plan used by the North
to “choke” the South
• Called to blockade the
Southern Ports
• Move down the
Mississippi
Gettysburg
• Confederates attack the
Union in Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania
• Largest number of
casualties in Civil War
• Lee hoped bringing war
to Northern states
would encourage North
to give up
Gettysburg
• North won the battle
• Handed Lee his first
official loss of war
• Viewed as High Water
Mark of the
Confederacy
• They would go no
further north during the
war
Gettysburg Address
• Given by Abraham
Lincoln 4 months later
• Commemorated dead
soldiers
• Redefined war as one
for equality for all
• One of the most famous
speeches in history
Turning Points
• Vicksburg and
Gettysburg were major
Confederate defeats
just days apart
• Changed the balance of
power in favor of the
North