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Haiti Quake th January 12 2010 simulator In Italy it was one town, and a few villages - not a large urban area. In China, it affected a large area and big towns, but no city. In Haiti, in a big city like Port-au-Prince, with so many structures coming down, the falling rubble makes it much more likely that people will die. Haiti, unlike China and Italy, did not have the resources to act quickly, and it took time for outside help to arrive. The Chinese government was able to mobilise a military response. Although some parts were hard to reach the resources they had were very impressive. The statistics may not be very accurate as in Haiti at least the majority of people were pulled out of the rubble by their neighbours. In Haiti the airport was only half-functioning and you had one road route that took a day to travel. The earthquake damaged such a huge part of the country and affected the capital worst of all that Haiti’s small GDP was almost wiped out by the cost of repairs and rescues Why was the impact on Haiti so disastrous? GDP (PPP) Haiti Haiti How would the GDP of Haiti affect its ability to survive a quake? Haiti’s average year round temperatures in oC The number of deaths from cholera after the earthquake The annual rainfall of Haiti in centimetres The date in January when the earthquake happened The number who lost their lives in the earthquake The number seriously injured by the earthquake The number on the Richter scale of the earthquake The percentage of Port-au-Prince buildings that collapsed The % of Haitians living below the poverty line after the quake The % of Haitians living below the poverty line before the quake The cost in US$ of a disease eradication programme The number sleeping on the streets since the quake The number of cases of cholera after the earthquake The population of Haiti at the time of the earthquake 7 12 28 33 50 80 137 8 000 200 000 250 000 600 000 1 million 10 million 2 billion Why were the effects of the earthquake so severe? Consider • Wealth • Preparation • Infrastructure • Emergency services • buildings Looting became a serious problem. 1.3 million Haitians were displaced . The Haitian tourist industry declined. Destruction of Damage to the main Dead bodies in the Government buildings port and roads meant streets and under made it hard to it was hard to deliver rubble, created a health manage the country and distribute aid hazard in the heat. and the police force supplies collapsed. Displaced people 220 000 people were Eight hospitals or health were moved into killed and 300 000 care centres in Port-autents and temporary were injured. Prince were badly shelters. damaged or collapsed. There were frequent Over 2 million Haitians By November 2010 power cuts. were left without food there were outbreaks of and water. cholera. Life expectancy (2010) 62.8 years, placing Haiti in the world’s lowest 10%. Fertility rate: 2.88 children born/woman (2013 est.) Literacy: 53% (male 54%, female 52%) (2003) Maternal mortality rate: 350 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) Access to an improved drinking water source: urban 85%, rural 51% Access to improved sanitation facility: urban 24%, rural 10% Economic data • GDP growth rate is recovering from the 2010 earthquake. In 2012, growth was 2.8%, following 5.6% in 2011 and a decline of 5.4% in 2010. GDP - per capita (PPP in US$): $1,300 (2012 est.) – one of the lowest in the world GDP - composition by sector: agriculture (25%), industry (9%), services (66%) (2012 est.) Employment by occupation: agriculture (38.1%), industry (11.5%), services (50.4%) (2010) Unemployment rate: 40.6% (2010 est. – before the earthquake). More than twothirds of the workforce does not have a formal job. What effects do earthquakes have?