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Unit 3 Orchestral Styles of Two Cultures Baroque 1600-1750 • “Baroque” comes from a Portuguese word which was used to describe irregularly shaped pearls • The Baroque style was a reaction to earlier styles of music • The Catholic Church supported this new style as a way to praise god, and to count the Protestant Reformation Baroque 1600-1750 • Baroque Music and Art was characterized by rich elaboration, grandiose concepts, and spectacular design. • Baroque Music was highly rhythmic, richly ornamented. • The Baroque period was the birth of Opera • First known box office opened in Italy around 1720 Baroque 1600-1750 • Several major changes in music – Instrumental music became more important – Protestant church music became as important as vocal music of the Catholic church – Music of this period was almost exclusively on the major and minor – Dynamic contrasts were more important – The rhythmic energy of the music produced a – “ perpetual motion” Baroque 1600-1750 • Figured Bass – A shorthand for writing the harmonic background of a compostion Basso continuo The name for the realization or playing of the shorthand Figured Bass Claudio Montverdi 1567-1643 • best known for vocal music and early opera Important Composers • Johann Sebastion Bach 1685-1759 • George Frederic Handel 1685-1759 The Bradenburg Gate Bradenburg Concerto #2 1st mvt. • • • • • • Sound Source:Baroque Orchestra & Soloist Concept:Showing off composer and soloist Behavior: Listening Form: Concerto grosso Texture:homophonic Meter:Duple Tempo: moderato Handel’ Messiah • Written in 1741,it helped save Handel’s career • Is an oratorio, it tells a story with music only, no acting, sets, or costumes • The Messiah is about the life of Jesus, it is in three parts Birth-Death-Ressurection The Hallelujah Chorus “Praise to God” • • • • • • • Sound Source:Baroque Orchestra & Chorus Concept: Telling the story of Jesus Behavior:Listening,learning Form: Through composed Texture: Polyphonic and homophonic Meter:duple Tempo: Moderato Antonio Vivaldi 1678-1741 • Best known for instrumental concertos Antonio Vivaldi 1678-1741 • Baroque Composer, violist and Cleric • Born in Venice, Italy • Much of his work was written for a girls orchestra at a homeless shelter • One of 8 children • Trained with and toured with his father who was also a musician Antonio Vivaldi 1678-1741 • Had health problems as a child • Studied to be a priest at age 15 • Known as the Red Priest, because of his red hair • His music when out of style in his latter career • Died poor, and is buried in a common grave Four Seasons Spring • Sound Source: Baroque Orchestra & Violin Solo • Concept:Telling the story Spring • Behavior: Listening • Form: Binary • Texture: Homophonic & Polyphonic • Meter:Duple • Tempo: Allegro Gamelan Orchestra • Gamelan Orchestras are from Java • The Music has existed for centries • It’s texture is layered • It is played in time cycles Gamelan Orchestra Kenong Bonang Saron Slenthem Kedang Gong rebab Kind of Flowers • • • • • • • Sound Source:Gamelan Orchestra & Choir Concept:Royal Behavior: Listening-Learning Form: Unkown Texture:Heterphonic Meter:Unkown Tempo: Unkown Golden Rain • • • • • • • Sound Source:Gamelan Orchestra Concept: Exit music Behavior: Listening-Learning-leaving Form: Unkown Texture:Heterphonic Meter:Unkown Tempo: Unkown
