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Civilization Begins in Mesopotamia Ch.2 Sec.1 The Impact of Geography Mesopotamia– Located between the Tigris & Euphrates Rivers One of the birthplaces of post-flood civilization Civilizations of Mesopotamia Sumerians Babylonians Akkadians Assyrians Religion of Mesopotamia Religion of Mesopotamia – Unpredictable weather and climate led to belief in unreliable supernatural powers Had nearly 3,000 gods and goddesses Polytheistic – The belief in many gods City-States of Mesopotamia City-State – Form of govt where each city in a civilization is ruled independently Sumerians – 1st known civilization Cities included Uruk, Ur Ziggurats – Sumerian monuments with a temple placed at the top Theocracy – A govt by divine authority Sumerian Economy & Society Sumerian Economy – Farming and trading were staples of their economy Known for their metalwork (expecially bronze) Used bartering to trade goods w/ other civilizations Sumerian Society – Contained three social groups: Nobles, commoners, & slaves over 90% of the population were commoners Owning slaves was common practice for Sumerians Cuneiform – •Form of writing invented by the Sumerians •Impressions were made on clay tablets and dried Creativity of the Sumerians Sumerian Education Open only to boys of nobility Trained to become scribes Classes relied on repetition for mastery (pg.30) Sumerian Technology Wagon wheel Pottery wheel Had a number system (based on 60) & used geometry Mapped the constellations
