Download L2-recon-why-15

Warm-up: Name the Confederate States in red
The Why & How of
Reconstruction?
Civil War
• Started out as a conflict over states’ rights
and ended up with the issue of slavery
• North had more resources and more
military
• South had good leaders but limited
military & resources
• North won and then had to decide how it
was going to “reconstruct” the South
Conditions After the War
• North
–
–
–
–
–
Government  Business
Planter elite loses power
364,000 men lost
Union preserved
Congress centralized
national power
• South
– Property worthless
– Confederate $$ worthless
– Railroads & farm industry
ruined
– Cotton crops destroyed or
seized
– Lost 1/5 of adult male
population (260,000)
– Loss of labor force with freeing
of slaves
– Totally in ruins---would have to
rebuild entire infrastructure
Major Issues After the War
• On what basis should the
Confederate states be brought back
into the Union?
• How should the Southern whites be
treated?
• What should be done for the freed
slaves?
On April 14, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln was
assassinated.
Southerners had to:
Andrew Johnson,
his successor,
favored a moderate
Reconstruction plan
and promised to
uphold states’ rights
over federal
regulation
• Swear allegiance to
the United States
• Accept the 13th
Amendment, which
ended slavery
(something both
Lincoln & Johnson
insisted on)
Forgiveness vs. Punishment
Lincoln favored
Reconstruction
policies which
would “bind up
the nation’s
wounds”
Radical
Republicans
favored harsh
terms and
sought to
punish the
South
**
**
Activity:
Small group activity:
Readings & Questions
Presidential Reconstruction
vs.
Congressional Reconstruction
Presidential Reconstruction
• Lincoln and Johnson both wanted
basically the same thing:
• None of which included rights for African
Americans other than freedom
• Show kindness and charity to Confederate
states and get the Union moving forward
• Ratification of 13th Amendment
**
Congressional Reconstruction
(Radical Reconstruction)
• Radical Republicans believed Presidential
Reconstruction was a threat to Congressional
authority
– Johnson vetoed 29 bills passed by Congress
– Congress overrode 15 of his vetoes
• Wanted African Americans to have full citizens’ rights
• Wanted harsher reorganization of South
• Wanted supremacy of federal law over states’ laws
• Northern voters sympathized with the Radicals
**
Reconstruction Plans
Presidential Reconstruction
According to this plan, what did •
former confederate states have
to do to be readmitted to the
Union?
What happened to former
Confederate leaders under this
plan?
Under this plan, how would the
government help freedmen?
What political rights would
freedmen have?
How did Southerners react to
this plan?
How did Northerners react to
the plan?
Congressional Reconstruction