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The 8 Parts of English Speech
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Just like the human body is composed of 206
bones and each one is named and can be
identified, a sentence is composed of 8
different parts of speech.
You will learn these 8 parts of speech and
eventually be able to label every word in a
sentence by what part of speech it is. It’s a
lot easier than learning all 206 bones!!!
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A NOUN is a “naming word”
It names a PERSON
Example:
Mr. Wesserling
president
Imam
teacher
Barack Obama
Nouns that always begin with a capital letter are
called “Proper Nouns”. They identify specific
people. All other nouns are “common nouns.”
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Nouns also name a PLACE:
◦ EXAMPLES:
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home
Washington
Lebanon
Mexico
school
gas station
 Notice that specific places are capitalized.
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Finally, nouns name a THING or IDEA
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Examples:
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box
table
love
tree
honesty
Statue of Liberty
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VERBS are words that describe an action or a
state of being.
Examples:
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To run
To walk
To think
To believe
To be (was, were, are, is)
To Have
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In order to have a complete sentence in
English, you must have a subject and a verb.
“The dog barked.”
“Barked loudly.”= not a sentence because
there is no subject. Who/what barked?
Sometimes the subject is implied. It is not
there, but you know what is missing:
“Close the door!” The verb is “close” – the
subject is (you). Although missing, we know
who is meant.
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An adjective describes a noun. It tells us:
 Which one? (The last room. The tall man.)
 How many?
(The entire class. The three wise men.)
 What kind?
(The empty bottle. The red car.)
 How much?
(I have no money. I have a lot of work.)
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An ADVERB “adds to a verb” – that is, it
modifies a verb by telling us:
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Where? “I left my watch at home.”
When? “She said she would call me tomorrow.”
How?
“He quickly answered the question.”
How often? “I see him here frequently.”
To What extent? “I’m completely broke!”
◦ CLUE: When you see the ending –ly, it is usually
an adverb!
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A pronoun is a word that is used to take the
place of a noun.
“PRO” – means ‘for’ – so pronoun = “for a
noun”
There are 1st /2nd and 3rd person pronouns:
◦ 1st:
◦ 2nd◦ 3rd-
I, me, my, mine, our, ours, us
You, your, yours
He, she, it, his, hers, theirs, them
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Look how boring it would be if we didn’t:
◦ “Ali Bazzi opened the door to the classroom, and Ali
Bazzi walked into the classroom and sat in Ali
Bazzi’s seat. Ali Bazzi didn’t have any paper, so Ali
Bazzi asked Alberto Diaz if Alberto Diaz could give
Ali Bazzi a sheet to use.
◦ Instead we say: “Ali Bazzi opened the door to the
classroom and he walked in and sat in his seat. He
didn’t have any paper, so he asked Alberto if he
could give him a sheet to use.
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From the two words:
◦ “Con” = with
◦ “Junction” = to join
◦ A conjunction joins or connects thoughts and ideas
and things:
◦ Common conjunctions:
And, but, or
◦ I like apples and bananas but I hate mangoes.
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Prepositions join a noun to another part of a
sentence and frequently refers to a location (a
“position”)
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Common prepositions:
under, at, from.
in, on, of, by, with,
A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE starts with a
preposition and ends with a noun:
“by the drinking fountain” “to the teacher”
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Picture a desk and think of all the words that
can be used to describe locations around the
desk.
Under the desk, beside the desk, in the desk,
over the desk, etc.
inside, outside, near, away from, next
to, from, by, against, etc.
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An interjection is a word that usually stands
ALONE and is used to express an emotion
and is usually followed by an ! (exclamation
point).
Think “injection” – when you get an injection
(a shot) you yell “ouch!”
OUCH!