Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 21 Section 3: Challenge and Changes in the Movement African Americans Seek Greater Equality De Facto Segregation: Segregation that exists by the practice and custom De Jure Segregation: Segregation by law, eliminating it requires changing people’s attitudes rather than repealing laws “White Fight”: Great number of white moved out of the cities to the nearby suburbs Many blacks were angry at the sometimes brutal treatment they received from the mostly white police forces in their communities Between 1964 and 1968 more than 100 race riots erupted in major American cities Voting Rights Act Race riot of Watts in Los Angeles New Leaders Voice Discontent Malcom X Famous for his controversial ideas and opinions Nation of Islam or the Black Muslims Media gave a great deal of publicity because of his controversial statements. Ballots or Bullets Malcolm ended up leaving the Nation of Islam. After visiting Mecca his attitude toward Caucasians changed drastically. “Well if you and I don’t use the ballot, we’re going to be forced to use the bullet. So lets try the ballot.” Assassinated in a speech on Harlem on February 21, 1965. Black Power “Walk against fear” Many civil liberties groups joined together to finish James Meredith's march. Became violent and King attempted to promote peace by singing “We Shall Overcome” but many SNCC workers began singing “We Shall Overrun” Black Power became an important remark to Carmichael. Black Panthers Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to fight police brutality. Dressed in all black, sunglasses, and berets. Won lots of support in the ghettos. 1968 A Turning Points in Civil Rights Kings death. Almost felt it coming in April 3rd 1968 addressed in Memphis “I may not get there with you but… we as a people will get to the promise land.” The next day King was assassinated by James Earl Ray. Many reactions occurred, Robert Kennedy made a speech titled “A Eulogy” to prevent violence. Despite more then 100 cities rioted. Kennedy also assassinated in 1968. Legacy of the Civil Rights Movement Kerner Commission (March 1st, 1968) Civil Rights Act of 1968 Ended de jure segregation by bringing about legal protection for the civil rights of all Americans Unfinished Work A 200,000 word report warning of the dangers of continued racism in America Movements shifted towards changing people’s attitudes and behavior Affirmative Action Involved making special efforts or enroll groups that have suffered discrimination