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Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt
Standard 6.2.1
Objective
Locate and describe the major river systems and
discuss the physical settings that supported
permanent settlement and early civilization.
Students will locate and describe the major river
systems.
Bell Work
1. Why was Egypt called the gift of the
Nile?
Classwork
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Homework
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Bellwork
Ch. 4, sec. 1 LoD
Ch. 4, sec. 1 Four Square Reading
Ch. 4, sec. 1- The South Cornell notes
Complete interactions
Questions and summaries
Chapter 4, sec. 1 Geography and Early Egypt
1.
Nile-
Interaction: (MAP)
3. dynastyInteraction: ( )
2. pharaoh-
Interaction: ( )
4. The two kingdoms
Interaction: (Draw the crowns)
Ch. 4, Sec. 1: Geography of the Fertile Crescent (pgs. 88-92)
LoD
Nile-
Summary
Egypt
Nile
pharaoh
dynasty
pharaohdynasty-
Interaction
Detail flower on Egypt
Reading Check Question
Why do you think the Nile Delta was well
suited for settlement?
Ancient Egypt
Chapter 4
Geography and Early Egypt (sec. 1)
• The Gift of the Nile
– Geography played a key role in the development
of Egyptian civilization.
– Nile River
• Longest river in the world
• Created a fertile river valley 13 miles long
• At several points, there is rough terrain which cause
rapids, or cataracts, to form.
– On both sides of the Nile were hundreds of miles
of bleak desert.
Geography and Early Egypt (sec. 1)
• The floods of the Nile
– Rains in East Africa caused the Nile to flood .
• The floods were predictable
– Upper Egypt in midsummer
– Lower Egypt in the fall
– The floods coated the land never the river with a
rich silt.
Geography and Early Egypt (sec. 1)
• How are the Egyptians similar to
Mesopotamians?
– Irrigation- a way of supplying water to an area of
land
– Increased food supply (surplus)
Geography and Early Egypt (sec. 1)
• Protection
– Their location was an advantage
• The west side was a harsh desert which acted as a
natural barrier.
• The north was blocked by the Mediterranean Sea.
• The east was blocked off by desert lands and the Red
Sea
Geography and Early Egypt (sec. 1)
• Kings Unify Egypt
– Egypt was divided into Upper Egypt and Lower
Egypt
– Menes, Egypt’s first pharaoh, ruled Upper Egypt.
• He invaded lower Egypt and created an empire.
• He developed the first dynasty, series or rulers from the
same family, which lasted for about 200 years.
Ch. 4-1 Geography and Ancient Egypt
Bell Work:
Define: What does the title
“pharaoh” mean?
Classwork:
Complete Section Assessment:
Items 1-4, p. 92
Homework:
Study for Quiz on Ch. 4-1
Ch. 4 Sec. 2 The Old Kingdom
Standard 6.2.3
Understand the relationship between religion and the
social and political order in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
Objectives
Students will explain how religion played a major role in
Egyptian society.
Bell Work
1.
2.
3.
Classwork
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Homework
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Name one important technology that was used by
both the Mesopotamians and the Egyptians for
farming.
What geographical features protected Egypt?
Why do you think that Menes wanted to rule over
both Upper and Lower Egypt?
Bell Work
Ch. 4, Sec. 2 Cornell Notes
InteractionQuiz: Ch. 4-1
Complete interactions
Questions and summaries
Ch. 4 Sec. 2 The Old Kingdom
1.
2. pyramid-
Old Kingdom
Interaction: (
)
Interaction: ( detail flower )
3. Khufu-
Interaction: ( 5 Ws
4. polytheism
)
Interaction: ( detail flower)
5. afterlife-
6. mummies-
Interaction:
Interaction: (picture)
Ch. 4 Sec. 2 The Old Kingdom
LoD (in your own words)
afterlife-
Summary
Old Kingdom
pyramid
pharaoh
afterlife
mummies
polytheism
social hierarchy
pyramids-
Interaction
Use your textbook and answer the
questions (1-3) on page 100.
Reading Check Question
Describe the embalming process in your
own words. (page 96-97)
The Old Kingdom
• The Third Dynasty began the period of time in Egypt
known as the Old Kingdom, which lasted 500 years.
• Pharaoh
– Egyptians believed that Egypt belonged to the gods.
– They believed that the pharaoh was sent to them from the
gods.
– He had the status of both king and god.
• He was blamed for the good and the bad (rough job).
Social Hierarchy
• Society and Trade
– 80 percent of the population was in the lower
class.
– When farmers were not farming, they worked on
the pharaoh’s building projects.
– Traders traveled south along the Nile to Nubia to
acquire gold, copper, ivory, slaves, and stone for
building.
Religion and Egyptian Afterlife
• Religion
– Worshipping the gods was a part of daily life.
– The focus went beyond their lives.
– Many customs focused on what happened after
people died.
– Polytheism (poly-many)- the worship of many
gods
• Afterlife – Central belief in Egyptian Religion
– Life after death
– A happy place where everyone is young and
healthy
– Ka- a person’s life force
• When a person died the Ka left the body, but stayed
close to the burial site.
• The Ka needed to eat, sleep, and be entertained.
• Burial Practices
– Ideas about the afterlife shaped their burial
practices
• The body had to be preserved so that the spirit could
recognize it.
– Created a method called embalming.
– Created mummies, specially treated bodies wrapped in cloth.
» Only the elite, the people of wealth and power, could
afford to have mummies made.
Pyramids
Why were the pyramids built?
-The pyramids were burial sites, or
monuments, for rulers and the elite.
-burial chamber
What is in the pyramids?
-a mummy and everything the spirit (Ka)
needs for the afterlife
-including furniture, clothing, tools,
jewelry, weapons, etc.
Ch. 4 Sec. 4 Egyptian Achievements
Standard 6.2.9
6.2.5
Objectives
Describe how written language has changed over time.
Bell Work
1. Why were the pyramids built?
2. Why were tombs filled with art,
jewelry and other treasures?
Classwork
• Bell Work
• Ch. 3, Sec. 3 Cornell Notes
• Interaction-
Homework
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Discuss that main features of Egyptian art and architecture.
Students will learn that the Egyptians made
lasting achievements in writing, architecture, and
art.
Complete interactions
Questions and summaries
Ch. 4 Sec. 4 Egyptian Achievements
1.
2. papyrus-
hieroglyphics-
Interaction: (
Interaction: ( poem
)
3. Rosetta Stone-
4. sphinxes-
Interaction: ()
Interaction: (
)
6. King Tutankhamen-
5. obelisk-
Interaction: (
)
)
Interaction: ( 5 Ws
)
Ch. 4 Sec. 4 Egyptian Achievements(pgs 108-113)
LoD (in your own words)
hieroglyphicspapyrusRosetta Stone-
Summary
Egyptian achievements
hieroglyphics
papyrus
Rosetta Stone
sphinxes
King Tutankhamen
sphinxesKing TutankhamenInteraction
Draw a vinn diagram comparing and
contrasting our writing system with
hieroglyphics. (pg. 108-109)
Reading Check Question
What are some features of Egyptian
temples? (pg. 110)
Egyptian Achievements Ch 4 Sec 4
• Writing
– hieroglyphics- Egyptian writing system
• Uses picture symbols to represent sounds
– More than 600 symbols
• Written horizontally or vertically
• Written from left to right or right to left
– papyrus- a long lasting, paper-like material made
of reeds (plants)