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2: Country/Economy Profiles
Uganda
Key indicators, 2014
GDP (PPP) per capita (int’l $), 1990–2014
Population (millions) ........................................ 38.0
GDP (US$ billions) .......................................... 27.6
GDP per capita (US$) ...................................... 726
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total ............ 0.07
Uganda
4,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
Global Competitiveness Index
Rank
(out of 140)
Score
(1–7)
Institutions
7
Innovation
GCI 2015–2016 .................................................... 115 ..... 3.7
GCI 2014–2015 (out of 144) ................................... 122 ......3.6
GCI 2013–2014 (out of 148) ................................... 129 ......3.4
GCI 2012–2013 (out of 144) ................................... 123 ......3.5
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Basic requirements (60.0%) .....................................117 ......3.8
Market size
1st pillar: Institutions ............................................... 101 ......3.4
2nd pillar: Infrastructure .......................................... 128 ......2.4
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment .................... 67 ......4.8
4th pillar: Health and primary education ................. 120 ......4.5
Health and
primary
education
1
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Efficiency enhancers (35.0%) ...................................109 ......3.5
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
5th pillar: Higher education and training ................. 130 ......2.7
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency .......................... 120 ......3.9
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency ............................. 27 ......4.6
8th pillar: Financial market development ................... 81 ......3.7
9th pillar: Technological readiness .......................... 117 ......2.8
10th pillar: Market size.............................................. 82 ......3.4
Uganda
Sub-Saharan Africa
Stage of development
Innovation and sophistication factors (5.0%) ...........100 ......3.3
11th pillar: Business sophistication ........................ 107 ......3.5
12th pillar: Innovation ............................................... 85 ......3.2
1
Transition
1–2
Factor
driven
2
Transition
2–3
3
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
The most problematic factors for doing business
Score*
Corruption .........................................................................17.2
Tax rates............................................................................16.8
Access to financing ...........................................................13.3
Inadequate supply of infrastructure ....................................11.1
Inflation ................................................................................9.2
Poor work ethic in labor force..............................................6.9
Inefficient government bureaucracy .....................................5.4
Policy instability ...................................................................3.5
Insufficient capacity to innovate ...........................................3.3
Crime and theft ...................................................................3.0
Inadequately educated workforce ........................................3.0
Complexity of tax regulations...............................................3.0
Poor public health ...............................................................2.3
Foreign currency regulations ................................................1.3
Restrictive labor regulations .................................................0.5
Government instability/coups ..............................................0.4
0
*
5
10
15
20
25
From the list of factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The score
corresponds to the responses weighted according to their rankings.
352 | The Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016
© 2015 World Economic Forum
30
2: Country/Economy Profiles
Uganda
The Global Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR
VALUE RANK/140
INDICATOR
1st pillar: Institutions
VALUE RANK/140
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency (cont’d.)
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
Property rights ....................................................... 3.9 ............97
Intellectual property protection ............................... 3.3 ..........102
Diversion of public funds ........................................ 2.4 ..........122
Public trust in politicians ......................................... 2.6 ............86
Irregular payments and bribes ................................ 2.8 ..........125
Judicial independence............................................ 3.4 ............91
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....... 2.6 ..........107
Wastefulness of government spending ................... 2.5 ..........108
Burden of government regulation ........................... 3.7 ............43
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes .... 3.8 ............62
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regs. ... 3.6 ............59
Transparency of government policymaking............. 4.2 ............64
Business costs of terrorism .................................... 3.4 ..........129
Business costs of crime and violence..................... 3.5 ..........115
Organized crime ..................................................... 4.0 ..........114
Reliability of police services .................................... 3.7 ............93
Ethical behavior of firms ......................................... 3.6 ............93
Strength of auditing and reporting standards ......... 4.0 ..........105
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................. 4.9 ............53
Protection of minority shareholders’ interests ......... 3.6 ..........106
Strength of investor protection, 0–10 (best)* .......... 4.8 ............95
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
Quality of overall infrastructure ............................... 3.5 ............95
Quality of roads ...................................................... 3.4 ............90
Quality of railroad infrastructure .............................. 1.5 ..........101
Quality of port infrastructure ................................... 2.5 ..........126
Quality of air transport infrastructure....................... 3.0 ..........124
Available airline seat km/week, millions* ............... 51.3 ............97
Quality of electricity supply ..................................... 3.1 ..........111
Mobile telephone subscriptions/100 pop.* ........... 52.4 ..........134
Fixed-telephone lines/100 pop.* ............................. 0.8 ..........126
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
Government budget balance, % GDP*................. –3.9 ............91
Gross national savings, % GDP* .......................... 24.3 ............45
Inflation, annual % change* .................................... 4.7 ............95
General government debt, % GDP* ..................... 30.4 ............34
Country credit rating, 0–100 (best)* ...................... 32.7 ............92
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
Malaria cases/100,000 pop.* ........................ 24,487.0 ............62
Business impact of malaria .................................... 3.3 ............66
Tuberculosis cases/100,000 pop.* ..................... 166.0 ..........110
Business impact of tuberculosis ............................. 4.3 ..........111
HIV prevalence, % adult pop.* ............................... 7.4 ..........131
Business impact of HIV/AIDS ................................. 3.1 ..........138
Infant mortality, deaths/1,000 live births* .............. 43.8 ..........115
Life expectancy, years*......................................... 59.2 ..........124
Quality of primary education ................................... 3.0 ..........113
Primary education enrollment, net %* .................. 91.5 ............88
5.01
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
Secondary education enrollment, gross %* .......... 26.9 ..........138
Tertiary education enrollment, gross %*.................. 4.4 ..........128
Quality of the education system ............................. 3.5 ............81
Quality of math and science education .................. 3.2 ..........111
Quality of management schools ............................. 3.9 ............93
Internet access in schools ...................................... 3.2 ..........118
Availability of specialized training services .............. 3.8 ............95
Extent of staff training ............................................ 3.6 ..........107
2nd pillar: Infrastructure
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
No. procedures to start a business* ........................ 15 ..........137
No. days to start a business* ............................... 32.0 ..........118
Agricultural policy costs.......................................... 3.8 ............65
Prevalence of non-tariff barriers .............................. 4.5 ............46
Trade tariffs, % duty* .............................................. 9.5 ..........100
Prevalence of foreign ownership............................. 5.3 ............25
Business impact of rules on FDI ............................. 5.0 ............31
Burden of customs procedures .............................. 4.0 ............67
Imports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 32.2 ..........105
Degree of customer orientation .............................. 4.2 ............99
Buyer sophistication ............................................... 2.5 ..........130
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
7.10
Cooperation in labor-employer relations ................. 4.2 ............80
Flexibility of wage determination ............................. 6.1 ..............5
Hiring and firing practices ....................................... 4.4 ............26
Redundancy costs, weeks of salary* ...................... 8.7 ............24
Effect of taxation on incentives to work .................. 3.6 ............88
Pay and productivity............................................... 3.4 ..........116
Reliance on professional management ................... 3.9 ............87
Country capacity to retain talent............................. 2.9 ..........106
Country capacity to attract talent ........................... 3.0 ............93
Women in labor force, ratio to men* ..................... 0.96 ..............9
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
Availability of financial services ............................... 4.1 ............85
Affordability of financial services ............................. 3.5 ..........121
Financing through local equity market .................... 3.3 ............81
Ease of access to loans ......................................... 2.5 ............94
Venture capital availability ....................................... 2.4 ..........100
Soundness of banks .............................................. 4.8 ............71
Regulation of securities exchanges ........................ 4.1 ............74
Legal rights index, 0–12 (best)* ................................. 6 ............44
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
Availability of latest technologies ............................ 4.2 ..........102
Firm-level technology absorption ............................ 4.1 ..........110
FDI and technology transfer ................................... 4.5 ............61
Individuals using Internet, %* ............................... 17.7 ..........108
Fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions/100 pop.* .. 0.3 ..........115
Int’l Internet bandwidth, kb/s per user* .................. 4.0 ..........122
Mobile-broadband subscriptions/100 pop.* ......... 14.7 ..........103
10.01
10.02
10.03
10.04
Domestic market size index, 1–7 (best)*................. 3.3 ............79
Foreign market size index, 1–7 (best)* .................... 3.7 ..........105
GDP (PPP$ billions)* ............................................ 76.9 ............80
Exports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 17.0 ..........128
11.01
11.02
11.03
11.04
11.05
11.06
11.07
11.08
11.09
Local supplier quantity ........................................... 4.8 ............35
Local supplier quality.............................................. 3.6 ..........122
State of cluster development.................................. 3.5 ............88
Nature of competitive advantage ............................ 2.9 ..........111
Value chain breadth................................................ 3.5 ..........101
Control of international distribution ......................... 3.4 ..........103
Production process sophistication.......................... 3.0 ..........122
Extent of marketing ................................................ 3.9 ..........102
Willingness to delegate authority ............................ 3.1 ..........124
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
Capacity for innovation........................................... 3.8 ............86
Quality of scientific research institutions ................. 3.5 ............84
Company spending on R&D................................... 2.8 ..........107
University-industry collaboration in R&D ................. 3.7 ............62
Gov’t procurement of advanced tech products ...... 3.5 ............53
Availability of scientists and engineers .................... 3.7 ............92
PCT patents, applications/million pop.* .................. 0.0 ..........110
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency
8th pillar: Financial market development
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment
4th pillar: Health and primary education
5th pillar: Higher education and training
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
Intensity of local competition .................................. 5.3 ............51
Extent of market dominance .................................. 3.0 ..........122
Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy ..................... 3.7 ............75
Effect of taxation on incentives to invest................. 3.2 ..........106
Total tax rate, % profits* ....................................... 36.5 ............66
9th pillar: Technological readiness
10th pillar: Market size
11th pillar: Business sophistication
12th pillar: Innovation
Notes: Values are on a 1-to-7 scale unless otherwise annotated with an asterisk (*). For further details and explanation, please refer to the section “How to Read
the Country/Economy Profiles” on page 89.
© 2015 World Economic Forum
The Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 | 353