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Guided Notes- Mesoamerica Conquistadors Name: _______________________________ Let’s Review!!! What other nations were exploring the New World? ________________________, ____________________________, ________________________, ___________________________, ____________________________ The Arrival of the Spanish • April 21, 1519- Spanish ships arrive on the _________________________ • _______________________________- Leader of the expedition • ___________________________________ – First in North America Hernan Cortes- Conquistador • Born in 1485 in Spain • Cortes was a university law student but dropped out of school to become a New World Conquistador. • Conquistadors were ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. • 1511 – Participated in the Spanish conquest of Cuba • Known for his bravery and daring Why did Cortes want to conquer Mexico? • __________________________________ for Spain and the Spanish King, Charles the 5th • Increase Spanish ______________________________ • Spread_________________________________ • Gain personal wealth, glory, and power for himself Why the Aztecs? • The Spanish had heard rumors of the ____________________________ of the Aztecs The Campaign against the Aztec Cortes gets two lucky breaks 1) Montezuma, the Aztec king, thought Cortes might be _______________________, and welcomed him with lavish gifts and gold. 2) Discovered a Spanish prisoner who could __________________________________________ The Campaign against the Aztec- part 2 • The Spanish were impressed with the grandeur and riches of the Aztec capital • But horrified by the ___________________________________________ of the Aztecs. • Cortes immediately decided to put a _____________________________________________ __________________________________ The Campaign against the Aztec- part 3 • Cortes takes Montezuma prisoner in his own palace. • After several months, the Aztec people riot • Cortes _________________________________________________________ the capital in 1521. • The ________________________________________________________ and is destroyed. Why did the Spanish win? • ____________________________________- steel weapons, guns, artillery, horses, steel armor. • ________________________________ – The Aztecs were so hated, it was easy for the Spanish to recruit the help of other Indians. • __________________________ – European diseases, particularly small pox, devastated the Aztec population Conquest of the Inca • 1528 – The Inca Empire controlled about 690,000 square miles • The Inca Empire included ______________________________________________________ • Controlled by the Incan capital of Cuzco. • __________________________ society! • Empire hard to govern – ___________________________________ – Rough terrain – All travel was done on foot Francisco Pizarro- Conquistador • Francisco Pizarro was responsible for the conquest of the Inca. • Pizarro Goals• _______________________________________ • _____________________ • _____________________ • Traveled to Peru in 1526 to explore, contacted the Inca, then returned to Spain in 1526. Pizarro’s Conquest • 1530 – King Charles V financed expedition to gain wealth of the Incans • Found the Inca much weakened due to a ___________________________________________________________________________ • 1530-1532 Pizarro’s expedition fought along the frontier of the Incan Empire. • 1532- Pizarro and a force of _________________________________ captured the Inca Emperor, Atahualpa Interesting Fact- Hoping the Spanish will go away, Atahualpa offers Pizarro a room full of gold, if they will leave. Pizarro agreed, but instead had Atahualpa executed. Defeat of the Inca 1533 – Inca capital Cuzco falls to the Spaniards. Reasons the Inca were defeated: o _______________________________________, like guns, horses, canons, and steel armor and swords. o _________________________________killed as many as 90% of the Inca. o _______________________________________________________ – the Spaniards made use of their experience gained fighting the Aztec o _________________________________________________ – Spanish thought it was their duty to wipe out non-Christians Reflection Space: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Glue Margin