Download Civil War Lapbook - Monroe County Schools

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Thank you for your purchase from
In the Hands of a Child
Your Premiere Lapbook Provider since 2002!!
The American Civil War:
A House Divided
HOCPP 1181
Published: August, 2007
Authors:
Katie Kubesh
Niki McNeil
Kimm Bellotto
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Here is a brief introduction to our product layout.
Table of Contents
Guide
Core Concepts
Graphics
Folder Instructions
Sample Pictures
Each unit starts with a Table of Contents and is followed by a Research Guide.
The Research Guide contains all of the lessons needed to complete the activities
laid out in a chapter-like format. This format helps to build students’ listening,
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Bibliography, which also makes a great resource for finding information for any
rabbit trails you may choose to follow during your study. Related books and
websites are included in the Research Guide.
Next, you will find a list of core concepts to be covered during the study, each of
the concepts is represented by a graphic organizer or template. Each graphic
organizer or template helps students take bite-sized pieces of information
learned in the Research Guide and complete a hands-on activity to help retain
that information. If you implement graded assignments in your curriculum the list
of concepts will be essential for you, the parent/teacher, to know what to test the
student on. Under each concept you will find the folding instructions for each of
the graphic organizers or templates. Each one has a corresponding activity
number to make following along easy.
Reproducible graphics for the graphic organizers and templates follow. You may
want to make a copy of each graphic for each student completing the unit. An
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Project Packs from In the Hands of a Child make great stand-alone unit studies
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a stand-alone product we recommend completing 2 - 3 activities per session (30
- 45 minutes). Start out by reading through 2 - 3 sections of the Research Guide
and then complete the corresponding hands-on activities. The hands-on
activities correlate to each section in the Research Guide.
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Vocabulary and Timeline activities do not have to be completed in one day.
Vocabulary words can be learned throughout the entire study. We recommend
that your student learn a few new vocabulary words each day or learn them as
they are written in the Research Guide (all words in bold are vocabulary words).
We also recommend Timeline activities be completed a little each day. Choose
the vocabulary words and time periods you are going to add to your vocabulary
books and timelines as you read them in the Research Guide.
If you are working with young children or a group of children, cut out all of the
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Your student’s completed Project Pack does not have to look like the photo
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children to take an active role in designing the layout of their project so that it
becomes personal for them. The personalizing of their projects aids in the
reinforcement of the study.
Your students may choose to attach the various activities to their folders as each
one is completed or they may choose to wait until all activities are completed and
then attach them to the file folder. If you choose to do the latter, simply store the
activities in a zip-top bag, expandable file, or folder until you are ready to
assemble them in a file folder.
Should you have any questions as you go about your study please do not
hesitate to contact us, we are here to help you bring laughter and learning
together in the Hands of Your Child!!
Niki, Kimm, and Katie
www.HandsofaChild.com
Niki can be reached at [email protected] or 1-866-HANDS-01
Kimm can be reached at [email protected]
Katie can be reached at [email protected]
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Adapting a Project Pack to Fit the Needs of Your Student
Adapting a Project or Research Pack is key to ensuring that you provide the best
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because they feel it is too easy or too difficult for their student. We want you to
use all the activities we provide…they are easily adaptable!
For example, if you have a PK-3 student the vocabulary activities might be
difficult for him or her to complete. Here are some tips to help you adapt the
activities that require your student to write:
1. Have your student dictate vocabulary words and their meanings as you
write them.
2. Have your child draw a picture instead of writing.
3. You write the word or sentence first so your student can see how it is
written (many of our Project Packs also include activities with dotted lines
for easy copy work).
4. Practice. Practice. Practice. In the car, on a walk, in the shopping cart!
Practice saying the vocabulary words and what they mean. Before you
know it your preschooler will be telling others what those words mean!
5. Contact us. We would be happy to give you ideas for adapting specific
units to a grade level.
On the other hand, some of the activities may seem too easy for your student.
Does your 5th grade level student want to learn about butterflies, but the Project
Pack seems too easy? Try it anyway; just change things up a bit to suit your
student’s grade level and skill. Here are some tips to help you adapt the
activities to make them a little more difficult:
1. In addition to writing down vocabulary words and their meanings, ask your
student to use the word in a sentence; either verbally or written.
2. Give your student one hour (or reasonable time frame) to research the
topic on his or her own either online or at the library. Give your student a
set of questions and see what he or she can find without your guidance.
3. Encourage your student to expand on the topic or choose a related
subject to learn about.
4. Take a look at some of our preschool units…there is a lot of clipart related
to each topic included. Have an older student cut these out and write a
story or play about the pictures.
5. Contact us. We would be happy to give you ideas for adapting specific
units to a grade level.
These are just few ways you can adapt a Project Pack to meet the needs of your
student. Let your student be the judge if something is too easy or too
difficult…you just might be surprised!
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The Website links we have included in our guides are references we found that
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In the Hands of a Child. The content may have changed or become a “dead”
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site, please let us know. Thank you.
Educator Notes:_____________________________________
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Table of Contents
Guide
Page 10
Timeline
Page 10
Causes of the Civil War
Page 11
Economic & Social Factors
Page 15
A Nation Divided
Page 15
Political Factors
Page 16
The Civil War Begins
Page 17
The First Major Battle of 1861
Page 17
Major Civil War Battles of 1862
Page 20
Battle Spectators
Page 20
Emancipation Proclamation
Page 21
Major Civil War Battles of 1863
Page 23
The Gettysburg Address
Page 24
Major Civil War Battles of 1864
Page 25
Abraham Lincoln
Page 26
Signing Up
Page 26
Honest Abe
Page 27
Military Units
Page 27
Union Army
Page 27
Confederate Army
Page 29
Civil War Leaders
Page 29
Women of the War
Page 30
The War at Sea
Page 31
Civil War 1865
Page 32
Civil War Remedies
Page 32
Appendix
Page 33
Vocabulary
Page 35
Activity List
Page 38
Activity 1
Page 42
Activity 2
Page 47
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Activity 3
Page 51
Activity 4
Page 52
Activity 5
Page 53
Activity 6
Page 54
Activity 7
Page 55
Activity 8
Page 56
Activity 9
Page 57
Activity 10
Page 59
Activity 11
Page 57
Activity 12
Page 57
Activity 13
Page 60
Activity 14
Page 62
Activity 15
Page 64
Activity 16
Page 66
Activity 17
Page 57
Activity 18
Page 68
Activity 19
Page 69
Activity 20
Page 71
Activity 21
Page 72
Activity 22
Page 74
Activity 23
Page 75
Activity 24
Page 77
Activity 25
Page 78
Folder Instructions
Page 80
Sample Pictures
Page 81
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The American Civil War
A House Divided
“A house divided against itself cannot stand.
I believe this government cannot endure
permanently, half slave and half free. It will
become all one thing, or all the other.”
~Abraham Lincoln
Civil War Timeline
Pre Civil War
1619: Slaves are sold in
Virginia.
1808: Slave importing is
outlawed.
1820: The Missouri
Compromise.
1852: Uncle Tom’s Cabin is
published.
1854: The Kansas-Nebraska
Act.
Pick up any newspaper or watch a world newscast
on television and you are sure to find something
about a civil war somewhere in the world. How
often do you read about a civil war in the United
States? Well, if you went to the library and tried to
find a newspaper article about the most recent civil
war in the United States, you would have to find a
newspaper dated 1861!
The American Civil War, which was also called the
War Between the States, was a war between the
United States of America (the Union) and the
Confederate States of America (the Confederacy).
The American Civil War lasted for four years and
was fought by three million Americans. It began on
April 12, 1861 when Fort Sumter in Charleston
Harbor, South Carolina was fired on and it ended on
May 26, 1865 when the last Confederate army
surrendered. More than 620,000 soldiers died in
over 10,000 battles and clashes across the country.
The American Civil War had more deaths than all
other wars in United States history combined. More
than 620,000 soldiers died during the Civil War.
About 200,000 soldiers were killed in battle and the
rest died of wounds or disease.
1857: The Dred Scott
Decision.
1859: John Brown raids
Harpers Ferry.
1860: Abraham Lincoln is
elected President of the United
States. South Carolina
secedes from the United
States.
1861: Civil War Begins
February: Confederate States
of America is formed.
March 4: President Lincoln is
inaugurated.
April 12: Attack on Fort
Sumter.
July 21: Battle of Manassas
(Bull Run).
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Causes of the Civil War
Slavery
The main cause of the war was slavery. In
1861, slavery was legal in 15 of the 34 states
in the United States. The Southern states
depended on slavery to sustain their
economy. Slaves were
used to work crops,
especially cotton, which
contributed greatly to the
south’s economy. In the
Northern states, slavery
was illegal. Although
America was united, the
North and South began
to split over the issue of slavery. Many
factors contributed to the slavery issue
including:
•
The Missouri Compromise: Before the
Civil War the Constitution of the United
States did not give the federal
government authority to interfere with
slavery within the states. The Missouri
Compromise of 1821 was an effort to
try and satisfy both the North and the
South. This compromise admitted
Missouri to the Union as a slave state
and admitted Maine as a free state to
make sure that the Senate was
balanced. The Missouri Compromise
also stated that slavery would not be
allowed in certain unorganized
territories in the north.
1862: Robert E. Lee becomes
commander of the Confederate
Army
February 6: General Grant captures
Fort Henry on the Tennessee River.
February 16: Fort Donelson
surrenders to Grant.
March 9: Naval Battle of the Monitor
and the Virginia.
April 6-7: Battle of Shiloh.
April 25: New Orleans falls to
Admiral Farragut.
May 4-June 9: Jackson’s
Shenandoah Valley Campaign.
May 31-June 1: Battle of Seven Pines
(Fair Oaks).
June 26-July 2: The Seven Days’
Battles.
August 29-August 30: Second Battle
of Manassas (Second Bull Run).
September 17: Battle of Antietam
(Sharpsburg).
September 22: Preliminary
Emancipation Proclamation.
December 13: Battle of
Fredericksburg.
December 31-January 2, 1863:
Battle of Stones River
(Murfreesboro).
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•
•
•
The Compromise of 1850: This compromise
admitted California as a free state. It also
gave territories acquired from Mexico the
authority to decide to allow slavery or not.
There were five measures of the
Compromise.
1. It authorized the abolition of the slave
trade in the District of Columbia.
2. It admitted California to the Union as a
free state.
3. It provided for the return of runaway
slaves to their masters, called the
Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.
4. It divided territory east of California
into New Mexico (New Mexico and
Arizona today) and Utah and opened it
to slaveholders and antislavery
settlers.
5. It allowed Texas to be a slave state.
1863
January 1: Emancipation
Proclamation.
May 1-6: Battle of
Chancellorsville.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin: Harriet Beecher Stowe
wrote the antislavery novel, Uncle Toms’
Cabin. This
novel, originally
published as a
series in the
newspaper in
1851 and then
as a book in
1852, motivated
many to join the
abolition
movement.
May 15: Lee plans invasion of
the North.
Kansas-Nebraska Act: This act repealed the
Missouri Compromise and allowed settlers in
the territories to implement the slave system.
This doctrine was called popular
sovereignty and it allowed slavery to be
instituted in territories that were considered
free soil by the Missouri Compromise. This
act caused political upheaval in the North and
antislavery groups met to form a new party,
called the Republican Party.
July 4: Vicksburg falls.
May 18: Siege of Vicksburg
begins.
June 3: Lee’s army marches
northward.
June 28: Meade takes over the
Army of the Potomac.
July 1-3: Battle of Gettysburg.
September 19-20: Battle of
Chickamauga.
November 19: Lincoln gives
the Gettysburg Address.
November 23-25: Battle of
Chattanooga (Lookout
Mountain and Missionary
Ridge).
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•
•
Dred Scott Case: In 1857, Dred Scott, a
slave, sued for his freedom stating that
when his master took him through free
states he was no longer a slave. The
Supreme Court ruled that slaves were
considered property and could be taken
anywhere in the United States. Scott
could not file suit in federal court because
he was not considered a citizen of the
United States. The justices declared that
Congress did not have the power to
exclude slavery from the territories and
that the Missouri Compromise was
unconstitutional.
1864: Ulysses S. Grant is
named commander of the
Union Army.
March 9: Grant becomes Generalin-Chief of the Union armies.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates: In 1858
Stephen Douglas ran for reelection to the
Senate. His opponent was Abraham
Lincoln, who was the leader of the
Republican Party in Illinois. The LincolnDouglas debates consisted of seven
debates including discussions about
slavery. Douglas believed in the doctrine
of popular sovereignty and Lincoln argued
that slavery was morally, socially, and
politically wrong. Douglas was reelected
to the Senate, however Lincoln gained
national popularity.
June 18: Siege of Petersburg
begins.
May 5-6: Battle of the
Wilderness.
May 8-12: Battle of Spotsylvania.
May 11: Battle of Yellow Tavern.
June 3: Battle of Cold Harbor.
July 11-12: Confederates raid
under Jubal.
July 30: Battle of Crater,
Petersburg.
August 5: Farragut enters naval
battle of Mobile Bay.
September 2: Atlanta falls to
Sherman.
November 8: Lincoln is reelected
President.
November 15: Sherman’s March
to the Sea begins.
November 30: Battle of Franklin.
December 15-16: Battle of
Nashville.
December 21: Sherman receives
Savannah.
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•
•
•
•
John Brown’s Raid: On October 16, 1859
raiders seized the federal armory and
arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia (West
Virginia today). John Brown, an outlaw
wanted for raids in Kansas and Missouri, led
the raid. Brown and his army planned to
march into the South to free slaves, but he
was arrested, tried, and convicted. His raid
made southerners fear what Northern
abolitionists might do to put an end to
slavery.
Election of 1860: Slavery overshadowed the
Presidential election of 1860. Delegates from
the various states could not agree on
candidates because of the candidate’s
positions on slavery. Political parties were
split on their decisions of who should be the
next president. Because of this division,
Lincoln won the presidency with a majority of
the popular vote.
The Secession of the South: During the
presidential campaign for the 1860 election,
many southern states threatened to secede
from the Union if Lincoln was elected
president. They feared that Lincoln and his
administration would try to abolish slavery.
As soon as Lincoln won, South Carolina held
a special convention and on December 20,
1860 it was the first state to secede from the
Union. Other states followed including
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia,
Louisiana, and Texas.
1865
February 6: Lee becomes
General-in-Chief of
Confederate armies.
March 25: Confederates try to
break out of Petersburg and
fail.
April 2: Confederates
abandon Petersburg and
Richmond.
April 9: Lee surrenders to
Grant at Appomattox.
April 14: John Wilkes Booth
shoots President Lincoln.
April 15: President Lincoln
dies. Andrew Johnson
becomes president.
April 26: Johnston surrenders
to Sherman. John Wilkes
Booth is shot.
May 4: Last Confederate army
surrenders.
May 26: Last Confederate
troops surrender.
The Confederacy: The first six states to
secede from the Union met in Alabama on
February 4, 1861. They set up a temporary
government for the Confederate States of
America and four days later, they adopted a
new constitution. On February 9, 1861 the
Confederate Congress elected Jefferson
Davis of Mississippi as temporary president
and Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia as
vice president. On February 22, 1862 both
men were given permanent office.
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•
Lincoln’s Inauguration:
Abraham Lincoln took
office as President on
March 4, 1861.
President Lincoln and
his administration did
not accept the secession
of the southern states
and believed the actions
of the southern leaders were against the law.
In his inaugural address Lincoln stated that he
would “hold, occupy, and possess the property
and places belonging to the government.” He
pleaded with the South to give his
administration a chance to prove itself and
gave them an opportunity to return to the
Union.
Economic and Social Factors
Slavery was a big cause of the Civil War, but it was
not the only reason for it. The Northern and Southern
states were
very different
regions even
before the Civil
War. Some
said that they
were like two
different
countries. In
the South,
cotton was the
chief crop and contributed to 57% of all U.S. exports.
(Other important crops of the South were rice, sugar
cane, and tobacco). Known as “King Cotton,” the
cotton industry of the South relied on plantation
systems, which used slavery.
The North however, was an
industrial society. Here,
labor was needed to work in
factories and build railroads
to the West, but not slave
labor. The Northern states
encouraged European
immigrants to settle and
work in the region.
A Nation Divided
States That Seceded
Before April 1861
Texas
Louisiana
Mississippi
Alabama
Georgia
Florida
South Carolina
States That Seceded
After April 1861
Arkansas
Tennessee
North Carolina
Virginia
Slave States Loyal to
the Union
Delaware
Kentucky
Maryland
Missouri
West Virginia
(Western counties of Virginia
refused to secede and pulled
away to form the new state of
West Virginia).
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The southern states did not have a big manufacturing
industry and relied on the import of goods, but they did
not like to pay high the tariffs or taxes that the North
placed on imported goods. The North had to charge
taxes on the imported goods to protect its own products
from foreign competition. In addition, the main source
of revenue for the federal government was the tariff.
The money collected from tariffs paid for roads,
turnpikes, and canals, which the South did not want.
The Northwestern states of the Northwest Territory,
needed these improvements in order to expand, so
they began to side with the Northeastern states.
Political Factors
If you lived in the United States in the early 1800’s and
someone asked you what country you lived in, you
would have named the state you in which you lived.
For example if you lived in Virginia, you would say,
“Virginia is my country.” At that time, a person’s loyalty
to his state was greater than his loyalty to his country.
States belonged to the Union and it was not uncommon
for a particular state to become unhappy with the Union
and threaten to secede or leave the Union. In the War
of 1812, many New England states threatened to
secede because they were unhappy when trade was
cut off with England.
As the northern and southern regions of the Union
began to differ more and more, both economically and
socially, their political ideas began to differ as well. The
North believed in a central government to control such
things as trading and national currency; as well as to
build roads and railways. The South did not rely as
heavily on the federal government and southern
politicians feared the government would interfere with
the institution of slavery.
Free States
Maine
New Hampshire
Vermont
New York
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Jersey
Delaware
Maryland
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Iowa
California
Oregon
*The rest of the nation
consisted of the Free
Territories.
***************************
Also Known As…
The North
The United States
The Union
Yankees
The South
The Confederate States
The Confederacy
Rebels
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The Civil War Begins
Fort Sumter
On April 12, 1861
Confederate soldiers fired on
Union soldiers at Fort
Sumter, South Carolina.
President Lincoln called for
75,000 volunteers to join the
Union Army and block all
Confederate ports. Soon,
four more states (Virginia,
Arkansas, North Carolina,
and Tennessee) joined the
Confederacy. The Civil War
began when the Union tried
to regain these states.
TRIVIA***TRIVIA***TRIVIA
Northern soldiers were called “Billy Yank” and wore dark blue jackets.
Southern soldiers were called “Johnny Reb.” They wore cadet gray jackets.
The First Major Battle 1861
First Bull Run (July 16 - 21, 1861/Manassas Junction, Virginia)
The first major battle of the Civil War was at Bull Run near the Potomac River.
Each side had different names for each battle and the Confederates called this
battle Manassas. On July 21, 1861, General Irwin McDowell of the Union Army
attacked the Confederates led by Joseph E. Johnston. The Rebels won the
Battle of Bull Run and President Lincoln replaced General McDowell with Major
General George B. McClellan.
“Stonewall Jackson” earned his nickname during the Battle of Bull Run. His name
was Brigadier General Thomas J. Jackson and as the South fled, he stood his ground
and held his line. When the Southern General spotted him he said, “There is
Jackson standing like a stone wall.”
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Major Civil War Battles of 1862
Battle of Shiloh (April 6-7, 1862/ Pittsburg
Landing, Tennessee)
The Battle of Shiloh was a deadly fight. Over
100,000 soldiers fought at Shiloh near Pittsburg
Landing, Tennessee and almost 25% of them were
wounded, killed, or missing. Ulysses S. Grant led
the Union to victory over the Confederates, who
were led by Albert S. Johnston.
The Battle of Hampton Roads (March 9, 1862)
In the 1860’s most
navy ships were
built with wood.
Two ships, the
Union Monitor and
the Confederate
Merrimack (also
called the C.S.S.
Virginia), were
ironclads. The two ships met in a three-hour battle
in March 1862. Neither ship sustained serious
damage from the cannonball hits. The battle ended
when the ships’ crews became too tired from
loading the cannons.
Capture of New Orleans (April 24-25, 1862/New
Orleans, Louisiana)
In April 1862, Admiral David G. Farragut destroyed
the Confederate fleet on the Mississippi River and
took the city of New Orleans, which was the largest
city of the Confederacy.
Battle Spectators
Some people spend their
Friday nights at hometown
football games. During the
Civil War, spectators gathered
to watch battles between the
Union Army and the
Confederate Army. They
packed picnic lunches,
dressed in their finest clothes,
and sat by to observe the
fighting. Imagine how many
frightened civilians there would
be if the battle came too close
to them!
Battle of Fair Oaks (May 31, 1862/Oustide
Richmond, Virginia)
Also called the Battle of Seven Pines, Joseph E.
Johnston led the Confederacy to stop George B.
McClellan and the Union army’s advance on
Richmond, Virginia.
Shenandoah Valley (March-June,
1862/Shenandoah Valley, Virginia)
Thomas J. Jackson led the Confederates to defeat
small Union armies and block reinforcements for the
Union army that was attacking Richmond, Virginia.
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Seven Days' Battle (June 26-July 1,
1862/Outside Richmond, Virginia)
The week of June 26 to July 2, 1826 is known as
the Seven Days’ Battle. This weeklong battle
moved from town to town. Robert E. Lee’s army
of Northern Virginia drove George B. McClellan
and his army back in an effort to capture
Richmond.
Second Bull Run (August 29-30,
1862/Manassas Junction, Virginia)
The Second Battle of Bull Run occurred August
29-30, 1862. Here, Major General John Pope was
in command of the Union Army and was defeated
by a smaller Confederate Army led by Robert E.
Lee and Thomas J. Jackson.
Battle of Antietam (September 17,
1862/Sharpsburg, Maryland)
On September 13, 1862 a Union soldier found a
copy of General Lee’s orders. He gave them to
General McClellan who launched an attack at
Antietam Creek (Sharpsburg) on the Potomac
River on September 17. The Rebels were
outnumbered, but Lee decided to stand and fight.
Both sides suffered casualties of about 12,000
soldiers. General Lee and his troops were forced
to retreat back across the Potomac.
Battle of Perryville (October 8, 1862/Perryville,
Kentucky)
Braxton Bragg led the Confederate invasion on
Kentucky but was forced to turn back by Don
Carlos Buell and his Union army.
Emancipation
Proclamation
When the Civil War first began,
President Lincoln claimed the war
was to save the Union and not to
end slavery. African Americans
tried to join the Union army but
they were told that they could not
fight; that it was a “white man’s
war.” A year after the war began;
Lincoln changed his mind about
the reason for war and wrote the
Emancipation Proclamation. He
wrote it in secret and waited to
deliver it.
The Emancipation Proclamation
freed the slaves in all states that
remained in the Union. This
allowed freed slaves to join the
Union army and many African
American troops wanted to fight in
the war. Lincoln was told to wait
for a battle victory before
announcing his plan so he waited
three months until after the Union
victory in the Battle at Antietam.
First, President Lincoln told the
Confederate states that he would
free their slaves if they did not
return to the Union by January 1,
1863. When the Confederates
ignored him, President Lincoln
delivered his Emancipation
Proclamation. On New Year’s
Day, 1863, President Abraham
Lincoln declared all slaves in all
Confederate areas were “forever
free.”
21 | P a g e
Battle of Fredericksburg (December 13, 1862/Fredericksburg, Virginia)
After the Battle of Antietam, McClellan did not follow Lee’s army and President
Lincoln replaced McClellan with General Ambrose E. Burnside. Burnside and
his army launched an attack on December 13 at Fredericksburg and Robert E.
Lee’s army beat them back. General Burnside resigned after the loss.
22 | P a g e
Stones River (December 31, 1862-January 2, 1863/Murfreesboro,
Tennessee)
Also called the Battle of Murfreesboro, Braxton Bragg’s invasion of Tennessee
was defeated by William S. Rosecrans and his Union army.
Major Civil War Battles of 1863
Battle of Chancellorsville (May 1-4, 1863/Chancellorsville, Virginia)
After Burnside resigned, Lincoln replaced
him with “Fighting Joe” Hooker. Hooker
planned to attack the Rebels from the rear
at Fredericksburg, but Lee was too smart.
Lee and Jackson marched to meet Hooker
and reached his army camp on May 2,
1863. Three days later, Hooker ordered a
retreat. This was another victory for
Generals Lee and Jackson. Jackson,
however, had been accidentally shot by his
own men and died a week later. His death
was a huge misfortune for the Confederacy.
23 | P a g e
The Gettysburg Address
It was November 19, 1863
when President Abraham
Lincoln gave his famous
speech at Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania. The Battle of
Gettysburg, the most
devastating Civil War battle,
had taken place in this location
just four months earlier.
People were gathered at the
battlefield to dedicate part of it
to the men who had been
killed in the battle.
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
is known as one of the best
speeches ever given in the
history of the United States.
Sometimes politicians give
long, boring speeches, but the
Gettysburg Address was short
and to the point. The speech
was very moving to the people
who listened to it on November
19, 1863 and it still moves
people who hear it today.
Lincoln began his speech by
saying:
Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863/Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania)
Halfway through the Civil War, the Battle of
Gettysburg took place near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
George G. Meade led the Union army and Robert E.
Lee led the Confederates. The war’s greatest battle,
it lasted three days with a loss of 46,000 to 51,000
soldiers. In November of that year, President Lincoln
gave the Gettysburg Address.
“Four score and seven years
ago our fathers
brought forth on this
continent, a new nation,
conceived in Liberty, and
dedicated to the
proposition that all men are
created equal.”
Lincoln’s opening words meant
that our ancestors created our
nation with the idea that all
people are created equal. He
commemorated the men who
died in battle and the sacrifice
they made to protect that idea.
*See appendix for the full speech
24 | P a g e
•
•
•
Day 1: July 1, 1863: The Confederates won the first day of battle at
Gettysburg. There were about 25,000 Confederate soldiers and 19,000
Union soldiers pushing each other through the streets of Gettysburg and
south of the town. By that evening, 6,500 Confederate soldiers and
12,000 Union soldiers were killed, injured, or missing.
Day 2: July 2, 1863: More soldiers arrived through the night and both
armies were stronger on day two of the Gettysburg battle. There was
vicious fighting at Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Devil’s Den, the Peach
Orchard, Cemetery Hill, and Culp’s Hill. General James Longstreet led
the Confederate attack on the Union’s fishhook shaped formation, but the
Union soldiers held their line.
Day 3: July 3, 1863: Fighting resumed on day three at Culp’s Hill as
cavalry soldiers fought to the east and south. The main battle was an
infantry assault by 12,500 Confederates against the middle of the Union
line located on Cemetery Ridge. On this final day, Lee and his army
retreated back to Virginia.
Battle of Vicksburg (April-July, 1863/Vicksburg, Mississippi)
Ulysses S. Grant and John C. Pemberton fought the Battle of Vicksburg. The
Union won control of the Mississippi in the Fall of Vicksburg.
Battle of Chickamauga (September 19-20, 1863/Chickamauga Creek,
Georgia)
Braxton Bragg won a Confederate victory and stopped William S. Rosecrans and
the Union from invading Georgia.
Battle at Missionary Ridge (November 23-25, 1863/Chattanooga,
Tennessee)
In the Battle at Missionary Ridge, Ulysses S. Grant’s Union victory forced
Braxton Bragg and the Confederate soldiers to retreat into Georgia.
Major Civil War Battles of 1864
Battle at Spotsylvania and Wilderness (May 4-20, 1864/Near
Fredericksburg, Virginia)
In the Battle of Spotsylvania, Grant was unable to break through Robert E. Lee
and his soldiers to Richmond. Grant moved southeast.
Battle at Cold Harbor (June 3, 1864/Cold Harbor, Virginia)
In the Battle at Cold Harbor, Grant and the Union attempted to break Lee’s
Confederate line. This battle resulted in 8,000 casualties in just eight minutes.
Battle at Atlanta (July 18-September 1, 1864/Atlanta, Georgia)
William T. Sherman led the Union in capturing the key to the Deep South,
Atlanta, Georgia from John Bell Hood.
Battle of Nashville (December 15,1864/Nashville, Tennessee)
25 | P a g e
In the Battle of Nashville, John Bell
Hood and his Confederate army was
desperate to regain the offensive before
being defeated by George H. Thomas
and the Union.
Battle of Petersburg (June 15, 1864April 2, 1865/Petersburg, Virginia)
Ulysses S. Grant and Union soldiers
forced Robert E. Lee and the main
Confederate army to surrender at
Appomattox Court House on April 9,
1865.
Signing Up!
Most Confederate
soldiers were
farmers used to
working with both
guns and horses,
but many Union
soldiers were from
big cities and had
never even fired a
gun before! Cities
and states from both sides offered
bonuses to men who enlisted in the
army. These bonuses were quite an
incentive to sign up; they could be
several hundred dollars, which was
much more than a year’s pay for a
soldier.
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12,
1809 in a one-room log cabin in Hardin
County, Kentucky. His father, Thomas, was
a farmer and Abraham was required to work
on the farm. He and his sister were allowed
to go to school periodically.
When Abraham was 21 years old his family
moved to Decatur, Illinois. After helping his
family settle, Abraham left and traveled to
New Orleans and eventually moved to New
Salem, Illinois.
Abraham Lincoln studied law for three years
and then moved to Springfield, Illinois to
become a lawyer. Lincoln was elected to
the Illinois House of Representatives in
1834 and elected to the U.S. House of
Representatives in 1846.
On November 4, 1842 he married Mary
Todd and they had four boys.
Abraham Lincoln was elected the 16th
president of the United States on November
6, 1860. He was the first president to be
born in Kentucky and the first Republican to
be elected president. He was reelected to
president on November 8, 1864.
John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln
was shot on April 14, 1865 and President
Lincoln died the next day.
26 | P a g e
Military Units
A regiment was a military unit that
consisted of about 1,000 soldiers divided
into ten companies. Men who served in
an infantry regiment fought alongside
men from their hometowns and
communities. There were three kinds of
military units during the Civil War:
1) The Infantry were also called foot
soldiers. These were the men who
marched, on foot, into battle. Most
of the soldiers who fought in the
Civil War were infantry soldiers.
2) The Cavalry was made up of
soldiers who rode horses.
3) Artillery soldiers were in charge of
firing the cannons.
Union Army
The North produced
75% of the wealth of
the United States.
The North had a
bigger army that
included thousands
of black soldiers,
better equipment,
and more supplies
than the South.
Union Soldier Uniform
I n 1862, all Union
Soldiers were
required to wear
Union army
uniforms.
Uniforms were blue
with brass buttons and made from wool.
Up until 1862, each of the northern states
was responsible for outfitting their
soldiers with uniforms. Some states
could not obtain enough blue fabric and
used gray instead. This caused
problems because their uniforms
resembled the Confederates’ and Union
soldiers were firing on their own men.
Honest Abe
Many times we hear stories about people
who impacted U.S. history long ago. For
example, there is a story that says George
Washington chopped down a cherry tree.
While we do not know if that story is indeed
true, we do know that the story about
“Honest Abe” is true.
There were hundreds of examples of
Abraham Lincoln’s honesty and decency
documented throughout his life. As a lawyer
he was known to send money back to his
clients if he felt they paid him too much. He
also was known for convincing clients to
settle out of court to save them money
(earning nothing himself).
Abraham Lincoln’s father was a Baptist, but
there is no historical proof or documentation
that Abraham practiced a certain religion as
an adult. While he was president, he
attended New York Avenue Presbyterian
Church.
He did not talk about religion very much and
he did not belong to any particular church or
denomination. In fact, he was the only
president known to have never joined a
church. Yet, he was a man of Christian faith
as can be seen by the following quotes:
When presented with a Bible on September
7, 1864, by the Loyal Colored People of
Baltimore, he was quoted as saying, “In
regard to this Great Book, I have but to say,
it is the best gift God has given to man. All
the good the Savior gave to the world was
communicated through this book.”
27 | P a g e
Soldiers also wore wool caps with leather
brims. In the Union Army, one only had to
look at a soldier’s cap to determine what
kind of soldier he was. For example,
infantry soldiers wore caps with a brass
bugle insignia on top.
Union Soldier Salary
A Union private earned approximately
$12.00 per month. Most soldiers sent
money home to their families.
Accommodations
Union soldiers spent most of the Civil War
outdoors. They slept in two-man tents,
which they took apart and carried as they
marched to each destination. If soldiers
had a long way to march or were in the
middle of fighting a battle, they simply slept
on the ground. There were not many
battles fought during the winter months so
many soldiers built huts to live in. Some
had stoves inside to keep them warm.
Union soldiers were fed well, but poorly
canned meat and other spoiled food caused
many to die from ptomaine poisoning.
Weapons
Many of the weapons used by the Union
Army were made in Connecticut. They
used Sharps rifles, which could be loaded
quickly and fired faster than muskets. Colt
Firearms made revolvers that could fire six
shots without having to reload. These
revolvers were most popular with
cavalrymen who had trouble reloading while
riding. The three most popular weapons
used by Union soldiers were:
1) The Springfield rifle
2) The Sharps carbine
3) The Colt 1858 Navy pistol
"That I am not a member of any Christian
Church is true; but I have never denied the
truth of the Scriptures; and I have never
spoken with intentional disrespect of
religion in general, or any denomination of
Christians in particular."
July 31, 1846 - Handbill Replying to
Charges of Infidelity
"The will of God prevails. In great contests
each party claims to act in accordance
with the will of God. Both may be, and one
must be, wrong."
September 1862 - Meditation on the
Divine Will
"If God now wills the removal of a great
wrong, and wills also that we of the North
as well as you of the South, shall pay fairly
for our complicity in that wrong, impartial
history will find therein new cause to attest
and revere the justice and goodness of
God."
April 4, 1864 - Letter to Albert Hodges
"We hoped for a happy termination of this
terrible war long before this; but God
knows best, and has ruled otherwise. We
shall yet acknowledge His wisdom and our
own error therein."
September 4, 1864 - Letter to Eliza
Gurney
28 | P a g e
Confederate Army
The Confederate Army
had the advantage of most
of the Civil War being
fought in Southern
territory; they did not have
to travel as far as Union
soldiers. The South also
had better generals
including Robert E. Lee
and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson. Most
Confederate soldiers were in their early 20’s.
Confederate Soldier Uniform
The Confederate Army had gray wool
uniforms, but not every soldier was outfitted
with a uniform and the uniforms were not all
the same style. Some wore the clothes they
had on when they left
home, and some were
even without shoes! If a
soldier did own a pair of
shoes, he would nail
horseshoes to the
bottom to keep the soles
from wearing out. Some
wore navy blue uniforms,
which was confusing and caused some
Confederate soldiers to fire on their own
men. Many uniforms were the wrong size
and had buttons missing causing many
Confederate soldiers to look unkempt. By
the end of the war, most soldiers wore gray
uniforms to show they were Rebels.
Confederate Soldier Salary
Confederate soldiers joined the army to
defend their ideals and not for the salary it
paid. This was a good thing because the
Confederates were poorly funded. A soldier
waited months to be compensated for his
service to the army. Many southern families
suffered while waiting for their husbands or
fathers to send home money.
Civil War Leaders
Union Roll Call
President Abraham Lincoln (18091865)
Former President James Buchanan
(1791-1868)
Senator Stephen A. Douglas (18131861)
Lt. General Ulysses S. Grant (18221885)
Major General Don Carlos Buell
(1818-1898)
Major General Amborse E. Burnside
(1824-1881)
Major General Henry W. Halleck
(1815-1872)
Major General Joseph Hooker (18141879)
Major General George B. McClellan
(1826-1885)
Major General Irvin Mc Dowell (18181885)
Major General George G. Meade
(1815-1872)
Major General John Pope (18221892)
Major General William S. Rosecrans
(1819-1898)
Major General William T. Sherman
(1820-1891)
29 | P a g e
Accommodations
Confederate soldiers slept outside or in tents.
Many were poorly fed, going weeks without
meat. Others went without food at all and died
from starvation and exhaustion.
Major General George H. Thomas
(1816-1870)
Weapons
Southern
soldiers used
muskets or
flintlock
rifles.
Muskets,
also called
Confederate
Springfields,
were more inaccurate and took longer to load
than the Confederate Armies artillery. To load
a musket, the soldier had to insert gunpowder
and a lead ball into the muzzle and a small
amount of powder in the priming pan of the
gun. When the trigger of the muzzle gun was
pulled, a hammer struck a pin to ignite the
powder and fire the musket.
Confederate Roll Call
Women in the War
Most women stayed home during the Civil War,
but some wives followed their husbands. They
would cook meals, wash and mend clothing,
and take care of the sick and wounded. It was
also not uncommon for a woman to dress as a
man and join the army!
Admiral David G. Farragut (18011870)
President Jefferson Davis (18081889)
General Robert E. Lee (1807-1870)
General Pierre G.T. Beauregard
(1818-1893)
General Braxton Bragg (1817-1876)
General John Bell Hood (1831-1879)
General Albert Sidney Johnston
(1803-1862)
General Joseph E. Johnston (18071891)
Lt. General Thomas J. “Stonewall”
Jackson (1824-1863)
Lt. General John C. Pemberton
(1814-1881)
The War at Sea
The Confederacy did not have a large navy
and had to buy ships from Europe and from
private owners. The North had about 90 ships
and also used armed merchant vessels to The
30 | P a g e
The War at Sea
Confederacy did not have a large navy and
had to buy ships from Europe and from private
owners. The North had about 90 ships and
also used armed merchant vessels to enforce
its blockade of Confederate ports. The North
was able to take southern ports successfully
throughout the war. In August 1864, Farragut
closed one of the last remaining Confederate
ports in the Battle of Mobile Bay.
Navy soldiers carried guns, but had little use
for them, as there was very little hand-to-hand
combat between ships’ crews in battle. It was
much safer to be a Civil War soldier in the
Navy. Approximately 10,000 men served in
the Union navy and less than 200 were killed
during the Civil War.
Civil War Ballads
• All Quiet Along the Potomac Tonight
• The Battle Cry of Freedom
• The Battle Hymn of the Republic
• Dixie
• The Girl I Left Behind
• Home Sweet Home
• My Old Kentucky Home
• The Yellow Rose of Texas
Playing the Bones
Civil War soldiers liked to sing and play
instruments to help them pass the time and keep
them from getting homesick. If they did not have
any instruments to play, they made their own!
Instead of saving the meat bones for the dogs, they
saved them to play!
Major General George H. Thomas
(1816-1870)
Admiral David G. Farragut (18011870)
Confederate Roll Call
President Jefferson Davis (18081889)
General Robert E. Lee (1807-1870)
General Pierre G.T. Beauregard
(1818-1893)
General Braxton Bragg (1817-1876)
General John Bell Hood (1831-1879)
General Albert Sidney Johnston
(1803-1862)
General Joseph E. Johnston (18071891)
Lt. General Thomas J. “Stonewall”
Jackson (1824-1863)
Lt. General John C. Pemberton
(1814-1881)
Try to play the bones yourself. Save two rib bones.
Clean and dry thoroughly. Cup one in your hand
and hit it with the other, rhythmically. Or hold both
bones in one hand and shake your hand to a
rhythm to make the bones sound like castanets.
31 | P a g e
Civil War 1865
Surrender at Appomattox
General Grant and General Lee met at the Appomattox
Court House in Virginia on April 9, 1865. It was a
Sunday. Grant was generous to Lee with the terms of
surrender. For example, Lee told Grant his soldiers
owned their own horses and would need them for the
spring plowing so Grant agreed they could keep them.
In addition, Grant offered to supply the Confederate
soldiers with rations. The two generals shook on their
agreement and General Lee rode his horse Traveler to
tell his troops goodbye.
The Rest Surrender
General Lee, who was Commander-in-Chief, could have
surrendered for the entire Confederate army, but he
thought of himself only as the commander of Virginia.
Johnson surrendered to Sherman on April 26, 1865 and
the last Confederate army surrendered on May 4, 1865.
Throughout America, church bells rang out to celebrate
the end of four years of fighting. It was the end of the
Civil War.
Civil War Remedies
You may have heard of home
remedies, but these remedies
are probably not any you have
ever heard! Civil War soldiers
did not have the same
comforts or medicines they
would have received at home
so if someone was sick or
wounded, they had to
improvise. Do not try this at
home!
Sore Throat: Mix 2
teaspoonfuls of pulverized
charcoal and ten drops of
spirits of turpentine. Soften
the charcoal with a few drops
of milk first. Gargle frequently.
Also used for Diphtheria and
Scarlet Fever.
Headache: One teaspoonful
of pulverized charcoal and
one-third teaspoon of soda
mixed in very warm water.
Toothache: Powdered alum
mixed with salt relieved the
toothache and helped prevent
tooth decay.
Burn: Add wheat flour and cold
water until it is a soft paste.
Continue to apply before it
dries.
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Appendix
Civil War Battle Outcomes
Battle
Date
1st Battle of Bull
Run
Shiloh
New Orleans
Fair Oaks
Shenandoah
Valley
The Seven Days
Battle
2nd Battle of Bull
Run
Battle of Antietam
July 21, 1861
Battle of Perryville
Battle of
Fredericksburg
Battle at Stones
River
Battle of
Chancellorsville
Battle at
Gettysburg
Battle of
Vicksburg
Battle of
Chickamauga
Battle at
Missionary Ridge
Battle at
Spotsylvania
Battle of Cold
Harbor
Battle at Atlanta
Battle at Nashville
Battle of
Petersburg
April 6-7, 1862
April 24-25, 1862
May 31, 1862
March-June, 1862
June 26-July 1,
1862
August 27-30,
1862
September 17,
1862
October 8, 1862
December 13,
1862
December 31,
1862-January 2,
1863
May 1-4, 1863
Union Victory
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
July 1-3, 1863
√
July 4, 1863
√
September 19-20,
1863
November 23-25,
1863
June 3, 1864
√
√
√
June 1864
July 18September 1,
1864
December 15,
1864
June 15-April 3,
1865
Confederate
Victory
√
√
√
√
33 | P a g e
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
"Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a
new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all
men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing
whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long
endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to
dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here
gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper
that we should do this. But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot
consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead
who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or
detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but
it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living rather to be
dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus
far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task
remaining before us--that from these honored dead we take increased
devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that
this nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that
government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from
the earth."
34 | P a g e
Vocabulary
Abolition: doing away with
Armory: supply of weapons
Arsenal: place where military equipment is made and stored
Artillery: units of soldiers that transport and fire cannons in battle
Blockade: to prevent ships from entering or leaving a port
Casualty: person who is wounded, missing, killed, or captured in battle
Cavalry: soldiers who fight on horseback
Company: military unit of about 100 men
Doctrine: something that is taught or believed in
Emancipation: setting slaves free
Enlist: to join the army
Export: to send or carry abroad for sale
Immigrant: person who comes to a country to live there
Import: something brought into a country
Industrial: having developed manufacturing businesses
Infantry: soldiers who fight on foot
Insignia: badge of office, rank, or membership
Ironclad: ship with iron plating on the outside
Musket: long-barreled muzzle-loading gun used by the Confederate infantry
Plantation: a planted area cultivated by laborers
Popular sovereignty: doctrine that government is created by and subject to the
will of the people
Port: a place where ships can load and unload cargo
Private: lowest ranking enlisted soldier in the army
Ptomaine: food poisoning
Ration: food allowance for one day
Regiment: military unit of about 1,000 men (100 companies)
Repeal: to do away with
Revenue: income
Secede: to leave a nation to form and independent one
Slavery: the state of being owned by another person
Tariff: taxes placed on goods that are imported into a country
35 | P a g e
Related Books and Websites
All Their Names Were Courage by Sharon Phillips Denslow
Abraham Lincoln and the Road to Emancipation by William K. Kingaman
Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address: Four Score and More by Barbara
Silberdick Feinberg
Clara Barton by Barbara A. Somervill
A Confederate Memoir of the Civil War by Sam R. Watkins
Across Five Aprils by Irene Hunt
Battles and Leaders of the Civil War by Robert Underwood Johnson and
Clarence Clough Buel, editors
Civil War Poetry and Prose by Walt Whitman
Gettysburg by Jason Cooper
Gettysburg: A Testing of Courage by Noah Andre Trudeau
Gettysburg: The First Day by Howard K. Pfanz
Hard Tack and Coffee by John D. Billings
National Geographic Guide to the Civil War: National Battlefield Parks by A.
Wilson Greene and Gary W. Gallagher
The Battle of Gettysburg by Michael Burgan
The Civil War: A Narrative. Fredericksburg to Meridian by Shelby Foote
The Civil War: An Illustrated History by Geoffrey C. Ward
The Confederate Soldier by Jennifer Blizin Gillis
The Dred Scott Decision by Jason Skog
The Legend of Old Abe: A Civil War Eagle by Kathy-jo Wargin
The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane
The Story of the H.L. Hunley and Queenie’s Coin by Fran Hawk
The Union Soldier by Renee C. Rebman
They Met at Gettysburg by Edward J. Stackpole
Three Days at Gettysburg by Gary W. Gallagher
Vicksburg: The Battle That Won the Civil War by Mary Ann Fraser
Women of the Confederacy by Barbara A. Somervill
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cwphtml/cwphome.html
http://www.civilweek.com/index.htm
http://www.nyt.ulib.org/read.cgi?type=contents
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/
36 | P a g e
Bibliography
Burke, Rick. Abraham Lincoln. Chicago: 2003.
Carter, Alden R. The Civil War. New York: Franklin Watts, 1985.
Clark, Philip. The Civil War. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1988.
Ford, Carin. The Battle of Gettysburg and Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. New
Jersey: Enslow Publishers, Inc., 2004.
King, David C. The Battle of Vicksburg. Connecticut: Blackbirch Press, 2001.
Ratliff, Thomas. You Wouldn’t Want to Be a Civil War Soldier! New York:
Franklin Watts, 2004.
McGovern, Ann. If You Grew Up With Abraham Lincoln. New York: Scholastic,
1992.
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761570093/Missouri_Compromise.html
http://www.civilwarinteractive.com/cookbook.htm
http://library.thinkquest.org/J0110546/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg
http://www.adherents.com/people/pl/Abraham_Lincoln.html
http://www.youmeworks.com/whatwasabesreligion.html
http://www.civilwarsoldier.com/cws_confederate_soldiers.htm
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Activities and Instructions
Vocabulary
1. Vocabulary: As you go through this unit learn a few new vocabulary words
each day.
Fold Instructions: Library Pocket – Fold on dotted lines and glue tabs to
pocket backing. Allow glue to dry. Print out as many sheets of cards as needed.
Cut cards apart. Write one word and definition per card. Store cards in pocket.
Timeline
2. Create a timeline of the Civil War: As you go through this unit add a few
events/people to your timeline.
Fold Instructions: Timeline Strip Pocket – Fold back tabs on pocket and glue
to folder. Allow glue to dry. DO NOT cut strips apart. Fold one strip forward,
one strip back and so on to fold like and accordion. Add more strip pages by
glue together at tab. Cut away any unused strips. Decide on a time frame for
each strip section and write the important events/people from that time frame.
Store folded strips in pocket.
Causes of the Civil War
3. What events advanced the nation’s division on the slavery issue? Discuss
the issues and the affects they had on the nation then list each event.
Fold Instructions: Mini Fan Book – Stack pages with cover on top and fasten
with a brad where indicated. Write one event per blade.
4. Name three factors that contributed to the start of the Civil War. Older
children should give details of each factor as well. The older the child, the
more details. Younger children might narrate their understanding of each
factor or simply list each in the Billboard book.
Fold Instructions: Billboard Book – Keeping cover on top, fold in thirds like a
brochure or a letter. Write one factor per section.
5. Compare and contrast the northern and southern states of the United
States before the Civil War.
Fold Instructions: Comparison Flap Book – Cut on dotted lines only to create
three flaps. Fold flaps over and label in this order: Top flap “North,” middle flap
“Both,” and bottom flap “South.” Write things unique to each region under the
corresponding flaps and write common factors under the “Both” flap.
The Civil War Begins
6. What happened after Fort Sumter was attacked?
Fold Instructions: Shaped Card – Fold in half like a top-folding greeting card.
Cut away section indicated on activity sheet. Open card and write answer inside.
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7. On the map, label each state and color each group of states in a different
color then create a color key to identify each group. Groups to identify:
ƒ States That Seceded Before April 1861
ƒ States That Seceded After April 1861
ƒ Slave States Loyal to the Union
ƒ Free States
Fold Instructions: Map Book -- Fold in half like a top-folding greeting card.
Design a cover and title it “A Nation Divided.”
Older children might research the territories of the time and label them as well.
8. List various nicknames for the Northern States and the Southern States.
Fold Instructions: Double Flap Book – Cut on dotted line to create two flaps.
Fold flaps down. Cut apart flags. Glue one flag to each flap and label the cover
of each. One should say “North” and the other “South.” Open flaps and list
nicknames beneath.
The First Major Battle 1861
9. On the map provided, mark and label the first major battle that took place
in 1861
Fold Instructions: Pocket Map – Fold back tabs on pocket and glue to folder.
Allow glue to dry. Fold map and store in pocket. Create a map key on the key
card provided. Store key card in pocket as well.
Note* This map will be used in later activities.
Major Civil War Battles of 1862
10. What was the outcome of the Battle of Hampton Roads. Why were these
two ships different from other Civil War ships?
Fold Instructions: Matchbook – Fold large sections in half and fold small
section up to close like a matchbook. Write answers inside.
11. On the map provided for Activity 9, mark the major battles that took place
in 1862
Fold Instructions: Pocket Map – Use map from Activity 9.
Major Civil War Battles of 1863
12. On the map provided for Activities 9, mark the major battles that took
place in 1863
Fold Instructions: Pocket Map – Use map from Activity 9.
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13. Journalists in the field often keep journals to refer to when they write their
articles. Pretend you are a reporter in the field, side-by-side with the
soldiers. Over the next few days write journal entries describing the three
days of fighting at Gettysburg. You may choose to write from the
perspective of a Union reporter, a Confederate reporter or from a neutral
standpoint.
Fold Instructions: Journal Mini Book – Stack pages with cover on top and
fasten with brads, ribbon or yarn where indicated. Use the back sides of the
pages for illustrations of what you’ve seen on the battlefield.
14. Map each day of the Battle of Gettysburg
Fold Instructions: Map Book – Fold cover and map pages in half. Glue backs
of map pages inside cover (back of key page to inside front cover, back of map
page to inside back cover).
15. Explain what you feel was the importance of Lincoln’s Gettysburg
Address.
Fold Instructions: Info Card – Follow the illustrated instructions included with
this activity. Attach title label to front of folded booklet. Write answer inside.
16. Younger children copy and memorize the quote from the speech while
older children copy and memorize the entire speech.
Fold instructions: Folder Book – Close like a book. Add extra pages, if
needed, by attaching with brads where indicated. Design a cover for the front.
Over the course of the rest of this unit memorize what you’ve copied.
Major Civil War Battles of 1864
17. Mark each of the major battles of 1864 on the map provided for Activity 9
Fold Instructions: Pocket Map – Use map from Activity 9.
Signing Up!
18. List and describe the three types of military units.
Fold Instructions: Side Step Book – Follow the instructions on the activity
sheet to complete this fold. Crease firmly at each step. List and describe one
unit per section.
Union Army/Confederate Army
19. Describe what it would have been like to be a soldier in the Union Army.
What would you wear, how much money would you earn, how would you
live, what weapons would you carry? Do the same for a Confederate
soldier.
Fold Instructions: TriFold Books – Fold in thirds like a brochure or letter. Give
descriptions inside.
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Women in the War
20. In what capacity were women involved in the Civil War?
Fold Instructions: Shaped Flap Book – Fold back tabs on cover pieces and
glue to back of main graphic to form two flaps. Open flaps and write answer
inside.
Civil War 1865
21. How did the Civil War end? What was the outcome?
Fold Instructions: Accordion Book – Keeping cover on top, fold one page
back, one page forward and so on. Add more pages by attaching at tab. Cut
away extra pages.
22. Refer to the map provided for Activity 9. You should have all the major
battles of the Civil War marked on the map.
Fold Instructions: Shutter Book – Fold both sides in so that they meet in the
middle like closed shutters. Design a cover. Use the chart to highlight the
outcomes of the major battles. Highlight the Union victories in blue and the
Confederate victories in red.
Civil War Ballads
23. Go to this site http://www.civilwarsite.com/songs.html and read some
songs and poems written during the Civil War era. Now write a Civil War
ballad or poem of your own.
Note to Instructor* Some lyrics may contain offensive and/or racist terms that
were commonly used at the time of the writings. Please use discretion and
select the poems appropriate for your students.
Fold Instructions: Mini Book – Fold cover in half. Stack pages and place
inside cover. Staple at left edge. Write the title of your poem or ballad on the
cover.
Abraham Lincoln
24. Write a brief biography on Abraham Lincoln.
Fold Instructions: Bio Book – Fold in half on dotted line then fold over to close
like a book.
Civil War Leaders
25. List at least six Civil War leaders from both sides.
Fold Instructions: Blooming Wedge -- Print out two blooming wedge templates
(one for Union leaders and one for Confederate leaders) and one pocket. Fold
back tabs on pocket and glue to folder. Cut wedge templates on dotted line. On
each template fold one wedge forward, one wedge back until they each look like
a single wedge. Write “Confederate” on one and “Union” on the other. Open up
and list at least one leader per section. Fold back up and store in pocket.
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Creating a Lapbook Base
Basic Lapbook Base
ƒ Open a file folder and lay it flat.
ƒ Fold both right and left edges toward the center so they meet and close like a pair of
shutters.
ƒ Crease firmly.
Base with Single or Double Extensions
ƒ Complete the basic lapbook base.
ƒ Open base and lay flat.
ƒ Cut another folder in half or use a sheet of cardstock for the extension.
ƒ Lay the extension in the center of folder at either the top or bottom. (You may add
two extensions if need be; one at the top and one at the bottom).
ƒ Attach to base with clear packing tape.
Single Extension
Double Extension
Double Folder Base
ƒ Make two base folders.
ƒ Open them and lay them side by side with outer
flaps pointing straight up, not flat.
ƒ Where the two flaps meet glue them together.
ƒ Fold center flap to one side, fold both shutters in
and close folders like a book.
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