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Tobacco
Tobacco
• A plant with leaves that can be dried and
mixed with chemicals to make products
such as cigarettes, smokeless tobacco
and cigars
What’s inside tobacco?
• Nicotine – a highly addictive drug found in all
tobacco products
• Tar – a black, sticky substance that can coat the
airways and can cause cancer.
• Carbon monoxide – a dangerous gas that
makes it hard for the blood to carry oxygen.
• Additives – chemicals that help keep tobacco
moist, help it burn longer and taste better.
What’s inside tobacco smoke?
• One single puff of tobacco smoke contains
over 4,000 chemicals.
• At least 43 of these chemicals are known
to cause cancer.
Types of Tobacco
• Smokeless Tobacco
• Chewing tobacco – chopped leaves,
chemicals & flavoring. Leaves are chewed
or tucked under the lips.
• Snuff – more powdery than chewing
tobacco and is either loose or in a pouch.
It can be sniffed into the nose or put inside
the mouth under the lips.
Other Tobacco Products
The smoke from these products contains
thousands of harmful chemicals.
• Pipe Tobacco, cigars and clove cigarettes.
• Bidis – unfiltered cigarettes that are
wrapped in brown leaves & tied with
thread.
Effects of Tobacco
• Chronic effect – a consequence that
remains with a person for a long time.
• ( bad breath, persistent coughing, excess
mucus, discolored teeth & shortness of
breath )
Diseases associated with Tobacco
• Chronic Disease – a disease that, once
developed, is always present and will not
go away.
• Emphysema – a disease in which the
lungs get so damaged that they cannot
absorb enough oxygen.
• Cardiovascular disease – a disorder of the
circulatory system.
• Cancer – a disease in which damaged
cells grow out of control and destroy
healthy tissue.
• Tumors – lumps of damaged cells.
• Respiratory disease - -chemicals in smoke
touch the cells lining their airways and
lungs.
•
1. Chronic bronchitis – a disease in
which the lining of the airways becomes
very swollen and irritated.
•
2. Emphysema – a disease in which
the tiny air sacs and walls of the lungs are
destroyed.
• Environmental Tobacco Smoke ( ETS ) –
second-hand smoke – the mix of exhaled
smoke and smoke from the end of lit
cigarettes.
• Being in a room with secondhand smoke
for one hour is the equivalent of smoking
one cigarette.
2 Types of Secondhand Smoke
• Mainstream Smoke – Smoke that a
smoker inhales and then exhales out into
the environment
• Sidestream Smoke – Smoke that comes
from the burning end of a tobacco product
Mainstream & Sidestream Smoke
• Sidestream smoke contains twice as much
tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide as
mainstream smoke
What happens to people who use
tobacco?
• Physical dependence – a state in which
the body needs a drug to function
normally.
• Tolerance – the process of the body
getting used to the drug.
• Psychological dependence – a state in
which you think that you need a drug in
order to function.
• Drug addiction - the inability to control
one’s use of a drug.
• Withdrawal – is the way in which the body
responds when a dependent person stops
using a drug.
• Relapse – to begin using a drug again
after stopping for awhile.
Ways People try to quit smoking
• Cessation – the act of stopping something
entirely and permanently. COLD TURKEY
• Nicotine Replacement Therapy – ( NRT ) –
a form of medicine that contains safe
amounts of nicotine. (nicotine gum, NTS
patch)
Why people try tobacco products
• Peer Pressure – a strong influence from a friend
or a classmate.
• Modeling – basing your behavior on how others
act.
• Promotion – making a product seem wonderful
by hosting games or concerts, giving out free
products or setting up displays in stores.
• Targeted Marketing – advertising aimed at a
particular group of people.
Who does it affect?
•
•
•
•
•
YOU
Family
Friends
Peers
Passive smokers – people who are around
smokers breathe second-hand smoke.
• Social Strain – when the use of tobacco
causes awkward or risky situations and
creates tension among family and friends.
What happens to a person’s body
when they stop smoking?
• Within 20 minutes of smoking that last
cigarette, the body begins a series of
changes that continues for years.
After 20 minutes…
• Blood pressure drops to normal
• Pulse rate drops to normal
• Body temperature of hands and feet
increases to normal
After 8 hours…
• Carbon monoxide level in blood drops to
normal level
• Oxygen level in blood increases to normal
level
After 24 hours…
• Chance of heart attack decreases
After 48 hours…
• Nerve endings start regrowing
• Ability to smell and taste is enhanced
After 2 weeks up until 3 months…
• Circulation improves
• Walking becomes easier
• Lung function increases up to 30 percent
After 1 to 9 months…
• Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue,
shortness of breath decrease
• Cilia regrows in lungs, increasing the
ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs,
reduce infections
• Body’s overall energy increases
After 1 year…
• Risk of coronary heart disease is half that
of a smoker
After 5 years…
• Lung cancer death rate for average former
smoker (one pack per day) decreases by
almost half
• Stroke risk is reduced to that of a nonsmoker 5-15 years after quitting
• Risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, and
esophagus is half that of a smokers
After 10 years…
• Lung cancer death rate is similar to that of
nonsmokers
• Precancerous cells are replaced
• Risk of cancer of the mouth, throat,
esophagus, bladder, kidney, and pancreas
decreases
After 15 years…
• Risk of coronary heart disease is that of a
non-smoker
So, as you can see…
• It takes the body a very long time to
recover from the habit of smoking tobacco
products. It takes up to 15 years for the
body to completely return to normal. Most
smokers don’t have that much time left!
Tobacco Advertising
Who are these advertisements
targeting?
Some advertising facts
• The tobacco industry spends $5 billion a
year on advertising, that’s $16.5 million a
day.
• It’s estimated that 947 million packs of
cigarettes worth $1.26 billion are sold
illegally to people under the age of 18
every year.
• These products generate $221 million in
profits for the tobacco industry.
• About 90% of smokers start by the time
they are 18. The companies know that if
they don’t get kids to light up while they
are young, they most likely never will.
• Children are so important to the tobacco
industry that they’ve done research on
them using hidden cameras, interviews,
and psychological tests to find ways to get
them to smoke.
Some strategies tobacco
companies use:
• Paying actors/actresses to smoke and be seen
smoking on screen so that kids will see the
behavior and view it as a cool, adult behavior. In
reality only 24 out of every 100 adults use
tobacco products.
• They provide promotional items like lighters,
hats, shirts, bags, and jackets. This is to
influence them to buy more tobacco products
and serves as free advertising.
• They pay store owners to keep tobacco
products on or in front of the counter, so
they are easier for kids to see and easier
for them to get.
• They place advertisements close to middle
and high schools.
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