Download Abdomen Quiz

Abdomen Quiz
1.
Imagine a normal CT scan through the abdomen at the level of the T12 vertebra. Select the choice that
lists the visualized structures in correct order from anterior to posterior with the most anterior structure
listed first.
A) hepatic artery (proper), portal vein, inferior vena cava, left kidney
B) portal vein, left hepatic vein, hepatic artery (proper), right kidney
C) portal vein, hepatic artery (proper), inferior vena cava, left kidney
D) left hepatic vein, portal vein, right kidney, inferior vena cava
2.
A contrast study is being performed on a patient via a catheter with its tip placed in the
hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater) to allow for retrograde filling of the pancreaticobiliary ducts. This
patient has a gallstone lodged in the proximal (i.e., superior) portion of the common hepatic duct.
Assume that the gallstone completely occludes the duct's lumen. When contrast is injected via the
catheter, which of the following structures will NOT be visualized?
A) cystic duct.
B) gallbladder.
C) main pancreatic duct.
D) right hepatic duct.
3.
Inflammation of either the jejunum or the proximal (right) portion of the transverse colon results in the
activation of neurons that relay pain in dorsal root ganglia at ____________ levels. The area of skin
experiencing referred pain due to inflammation of the jejunum would be ___________ to the area of
skin experiencing referred pain due to inflammation of the proximal (right) portion of the transverse
colon.
A) thoracic --- superior
B) thoracic --- inferior
C) lumbar --- superior
D) lumbar --- inferior
E) sacral --- superior
F) sacral --- inferior
4.
Axons conveying autonomic innervation to the cardia of the stomach would most likely piggyback on
branches of the ________ artery. Included among these axons would be _________ parasympathetic
axons.
A) left gastric --- presynaptic (preganglionic)
B) left gastric --- postsynaptic (postganglionic)
C) left gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) --- presynaptic (preganglionic)
D) left gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) --- postsynaptic (postganglionic)
E) short gastric --- presynaptic (preganglionic)
F) short gastric --- postsynaptic (postganglionic)
5.
A stab wound in the left 9th intercostal space in the midaxillary line has perforated the diaphragmatic
surface of a patient's spleen. Profuse bleeding from the ruptured spleen would hemorrhage FIRST into
the ___________. Based on the location of the stab wound, the physician expects that the pleural cavity
___________ been perforated.
A) left paracolic (lateral) gutter --- has
B) left paracolic (lateral) gutter --- has not
C) omental bursa (lesser sac) --- has
D) omental bursa (lesser sac) --- has not
E) supracolic compartment of the greater sac --- has
F) supracolic compartment of the greater sac --- has not
6.
To orient themselves to the duodenojejunal flexure, surgeons must locate the _________, which passes
from the _________ crus of the diaphragm to the 3rd and 4th parts of the duodenum.
A) suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) --- right
B) suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) --- left
C) hepatoduodenal ligament --- right
D) hepatoduodenal ligament --- left
7.
The ___________ is NOT in the space between the transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum.
A) head of the pancreas
B) spleen
C) medial umbilical ligament
D) ureter
E) kidney
8.
The inferior mesenteric vein or its sigmoid and superior rectal tributaries pass _________ to the iliac
vessels. Its left colic tributary passes _________ to the left testicular vein.
A) anterior --- anterior
B) anterior --- posterior
C) posterior --- anterior
D) posterior --- posterior
9.
During portal hypertension caused by a complete obstruction of the venous flow through the liver, there
is an enlargement of the _______, resulting in _______ of flow in the enlarged vessel(s).
A) hepatic veins --- a reversal
B) hepatic veins --- no reversal
C) left gastric vein --- a reversal
D) left gastric vein --- no reversal
10.
The right gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) artery runs within the _________ ligament
A) hepatorenal
B) hepatoduodenal
C) hepatogastric
D) gastrocolic
E) phrenicocolic
11.
The left lobe of the liver is normally in the ________ region.
A) epigastric
B) left hypochondriac
C) umbilical
D) left lumbar
12.
Activation of neuronal cell bodies in the __________ can result in an increase in the rate of peristalsis in
the descending colon.
A) thoracic sympathetic chain (paravertebral) ganglia
B) celiac ganglion
C) inferior mesenteric ganglion
D) vagal nucleus in the brainstem
E) intermediolateral horn (column) from S2 to S4
13.
The ________ artery(ies) is(are) retroperitoneal throughout most of its course.
A) left gastric
B) short gastric
C) middle colic
D) left colic
14.
The _________ normally receives blood from both the superior and inferior mesenteric systems of
arteries.
A) liver
B) pancreas
C) transverse colon
D) rectum
15.
When identifying parts of the GI tract, a surgeon can use the presence of 3 separate teniae coli as a
distinguishing feature of the
A) ileum.
B) appendix.
C) cecum.
D) rectum.
16.
The lumbar plexus forms posterior to the psoas major muscle. The femoral nerve usually emerges from
the _________ border of the psoas major, and the obturator nerve usually emerges from the _________
border of the psoas major.
A) lateral --- lateral
B) lateral --- medial
C) medial --- lateral
D) medial --- medial
17.
On both the right and the left sides, the inferior pole of the kidney is _________ its superior pole, and
the medial border is __________ its lateral border.
A) in the same sagittal plane as --- more anterior than
B) in the same sagittal plane as --- in the same coronal plane as
C) more lateral than --- more anterior than
D) more lateral than --- in the same coronal plane as
E) more medial than --- more anterior than
F) more medial than --- in the same coronal plane as
18.
A patient feels sharp pain in the skin of the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen. This pain is
caused by stimulation of sensory axons innervating the parietal peritoneum directly in contact with an
inflamed
A) sigmoid colon.
B) spleen.
C) gall bladder.
D) stomach.
19.
The third (horizontal) part of the duodenum can become compressed and therefore occluded (blocked)
by structures that lie on its anterior surface. The third part of the duodenum is all or in part posterior to
the
A) inferior vena cava.
B) superior mesenteric artery.
C) left renal vein.
D) body and tail of the pancreas.
20.
During a procedure to remove the spleen, a surgeon must ligate (tie off) the __________ artery and vein
and avoid damaging the tail of the pancreas in the ________ ligament.
A) left gastro-omental --- gastrosplenic
B) left gastro-omental --- splenorenal
C) splenic --- gastrosplenic
D) splenic --- splenorenal
21.
The _______ tributaries to the portal system of veins anastomose directly with the inferior and / or
superior vena caval systems.
A) left gastric and right gastric
B) right gastric and superior rectal
C) superior rectal and paraumbilical
D) paraumbilical and gonadal
E) gonadal and left gastric
22.
During abdominal surgery, a severe hemorrhage occurs. The surgeon quickly compresses the
hepatoduodenal ligament with her thumb and first finger which stops the bleeding in the __________. If
the thumb of the surgeon is in the greater sac then the tip of the first finger must be in the __________.
A) hepatic artery (proper) --- hepatorenal recess
B) hepatic artery (proper) --- lesser sac (omental bursa)
C) gastroduodenal artery --- hepatorenal recess
D) gastroduodenal artery --- lesser sac (omental bursa)
23.
The posterior surface of the retroperitoneal part of the left colic (splenic) flexure is in contact with fascia
that covers the
A) left psoas major muscle.
B) left ureter.
C) spleen.
D) thoracic diaphragm.
24.
Lymphogenous metastasis of a tumor in the middle of the transverse colon usually passes from paracolic
lymph nodes to __________ colic nodes and then to terminal ____________ mesenteric nodes before
reaching the intestinal or a lumbar trunk.
A) middle --- superior
B) middle --- inferior
C) right --- superior
D) right --- inferior
25.
The superior part of the neck and body of the pancreas is ___________ to the three veins that join to
form the portal vein and is covered by the _____________ wall of the lesser peritoneal sac (omental
bursa).
A) anterior --- anterior
B) anterior --- posterior
C) posterior --- anterior
D) posterior --- posterior
26.
The root (origin) of the mesentery of the jejunum and ileum is attached to the posterior body wall along
a line that crosses the
A) pelvic inlet (brim) and right ureter.
B) right and left ureters.
C) aorta and inferior vena cava.
D) first (superior) and second (descending) parts of the duodenum.
27.
During portal hypertension, blood would drain from the cardiac region of the stomach to the systemic
circulation rather than to the hepatic portal system due to anastomoses between the __________ and
___________ veins.
A) left gastric --- azygos
B) ascending lumbar --- azygos
C) left gastric --- right gastric
D) left renal --- left inferior phrenic
E) right gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) --- ascending lumbar
28.
A lumbar (posterior) surgical approach is often used to reach the kidney. As a result, the __________
muscle must be reflected, among others. The risk of peritonitis (infection and inflammation of the
peritoneum) is __________ using this approach.
A) iliacus --- high
B) iliacus --- low
C) quadratus lumborum --- high
D) quadratus lumborum --- low
29.
The __________ is in the space between the transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum.
A) tail of the pancreas
B) liver
C) sigmoid colon
D) testicular artery
30.
The caudate lobe of the liver is on the __________ surface of the liver. The __________ is adjacent to
the caudate lobe.
A) diaphragmatic --- gallbladder
B) diaphragmatic --- inferior vena cava
C) visceral --- gallbladder
D) visceral --- inferior vena cava
31.
In a right adrenalectomy, the suprarenal vein is normally ligated just before it empties into the _______
and the gland is severed from the presynaptic (preganglionic) ____________ axons that are the main
innervation of the medulla.
A) inferior vena cava --- sympathetic
B) inferior vena cava --- parasympathetic
C) renal vein --- sympathetic
D) renal vein --- parasympathetic
32.
Sudden occlusion at which of the marked points would result in necrosis (cell death) of a segment of the
GI tract.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
33.
This is an image from a CT of the abdomen, performed after the administration of IV contrast. The
asterisks are placed over the
A) splenic vein.
B) left renal vein.
C) right renal vein.
D) right renal artery.